1879.] during the Campaign of 1878-79. 153 
About 500 square miles were plane-tabled by Lieut, Hobday and Captain 
Sartorius on the + inch scale ; a route survey carried on on the 1-inch scale by 
Lieut. Baynes, and a number of points fixed trigonometrically. 
Lieut. Hobday says, that they found the people in the Khakrez 
Valley quiet and amenable enough. There was a fair sprinkling of villages 
and cultivation, and water plentiful. They came across a fair-sized plateau 
at an elevation of about 7,000 feet, with wild rhubarb, onions, and water- 
eresses in abundance. The elevation of the valley is much higher than 
that of Kandahar, and they consequently found it much cooler and got 
away from the flies. They also came across lead, iron, copper and crys- 
talite. 
At Girishk, Captain Beavan made a large-scale survey and completed 
a map of the position at Girishk and passage of the Helmand on the scale 
of 4 inches to the mile, including about 20 square miles of the Helmand 
Valley with the Fort and military position. He also determined the 
position of numerous hill peaks. 
After his return to Kandahdr he completed a survey of the new 
eantonment on the scale of 16 inches to the mile, and at the end of April 
was engaged in carrying on a general survey of the cultivated land ad- 
joining the city of Kandahar on the scale of 4 inches to the mile. 
When it was determined early in February to withdraw a part of the 
Force by the Thal Chotiali route under the command of General Biddulph, 
Captains Heaviside and Holdich, R. &., were appointed to accompany the 
Force as Surveyors, Captain Heaviside taking charge of the triangulation, 
and Captain Holdich of the topography. 
Before starting, Captain Heaviside proceeded to the Kadanai Valley, 
where he measured a base line and carried a triangulation across the valley to 
the Hadah Hills and thence fixed several points to the North, Hast and 
West. 
Captain Heaviside remarks that the name Ghanti given to the range 
between the Khojak Pass and Kandahar should be erased. The name is 
unknown and has probably been confused with the Ghetai Hills. It is 
very difficult to obtain correct names in Afghanistan, but from the Kadanai 
Valley the highest hill of the range is called Hadah; it rises 2,500 feet 
above the valley and scarcely deserves the name of a mountain in this part 
of the country. 
Captain Holdich joined Captain Heaviside in the Kadanai Valley on the 
26th February, and notwithstanding the thickness of the atmosphere and 
inclemency of the weather was able to sketch in on the plane-table a fair 
portion of the valley. These two officers re-crossed the Khojak on the 6th 
of March by a capital road with easy gradients which had been recently 
