1879.] during the Campaign of 1878-79. 155 
rugged and the valleys even uninhabited owing to disputes amongst the 
neighbouring tribes. Lugari Barkhan (8,500 feet) in the Kaho Valley, 
about 10 miles above Vitakri, was reached on the 8th of April, after a march 
of 190 miles in 16 days. 
Captain Holdich sums up the results as 5000 square miles of + inch 
mapping, 270 linear miles of traverse on the 1 inch scale, and several plans 
of sites &c. The mapping includes the heads of the Pishin and Kadanai 
Valleys and a good margin beyond the country actually mapped, of which 
the geography can be very closely conjectured, so that the south-east corner 
of Afehanistan may be said to be known. Captain Holdich also says that 
there is a more northerly route which he would have liked to have explored ; 
the real high road, as he believes, to Kandahar, and even better and straight- 
er than the Thal Chotidli route, good as that was found. This route leads 
vid the Zhob Valley and the Karwaddi Pass, of which at present only native 
information is available. A railway could be run without difficulty along 
the route followed by the Survey. 
After the Thal Chotiali Force returned to India, Captains Heaviside 
and Holdich remained a month at Fort Munro on the Suliman Range and 
were enabled while there to connect two Trigonometrical points on the 
range with several points to the west along the route they had come by, 
thus leaving a gap in the triangulation of less than 30 miles. 
On the 10th May Major Campbell and Lieut. Gore accompanied 
Captain Wylie, the Political Officer, from Alizai on a reconnaissance to the 
Toba Plateau on the north of the Pishin Valley. The first camp, Arsala ka 
Masjid, 10} miles from Alizai, is in a nala about half way up the pass ; 
9 miles further, on the top edge of the plateau, at an elevation of 8,000 feet, 
they camped at Mandan, which is the name of the district and stream, 
though there is no village. Two marches further on they reached Haji 
Khan ka Kila, the extreme north-east point of their route. The country 
passed through is at first undulating, running into hilly towards the 
north. Major Campbell remarks that the name of what is called “‘ Toba 
Peak” on the map is ‘ Kand.’ The expedition marched back through Kakar 
Toba into Achakzai Toba, going vi@ Sabur, Drajandar, Kurak, Gwal (one 
of Captain Holdich’s points) and Ghan Oba, where they left the hilly ground 
and entered the open plain country called ‘ Tobin,’ which lies west of Toba 
and borders the Kadanai Valley. It is the more extensive plateau of the 
two, but water is scarce. Hence they went to Sina across the plain over the 
ridge of the Khojak Hills (north of Pass) and down the Bogra Pass into the 
plain of Kadanai. Lieut. Gore says the upper part of the Bogra Pass into 
Kadanai is very steep and bad for camels for about % mile, after that it 
is a good road. 
