166 J. Waterhouse—The Survey Operations in Afyhinistan  [No. 8, 
wise he would not have been able to determine the true position for several 
weeks. And this was of the more importance because Major Tanner found 
that the position assigned to Jelalabad on existing maps was erroneous and 
that its true position is Lat. 34° 29’, Long. 70° 30’, instead of Lat. 34° 24’, 
Long. 70° 26’. 
To the eastward, north of the Kabul river, Major Tanner accompanied 
an expedition through Kama into the hilly country beyond Girdao. Kama 
is described as a thickly-inhabited alluvial tract, intersected everywhere 
by canals and studded with many fortified villages and forts. 
Major Tanner surveyed the course of the Kunar river for about 15 
miles from its junction with the Kabul river, and filled in the country to 
the north of Jelalabad between the Kunar river and the Kabul and Lugh- 
man rivers, known as the Dasht-i-Gamberi, a waterless alluvial sandy 
plain, together with the hills to the north of it, to a distance of 16 to 18 
miles from Jelalabad. 
Major Tanner was also able to make a rough sketch of the Kunar Valley, 
filling in the names from native information. The course of the Kabul 
river, westward from Jelalabad beyond the Daronta Pass, was laid 
down to a short distance beyond its junction with the Lughman River, 
about 14 miles from Jeldlabad, and Major Tanner found that this part of 
the country was very erroneously delineated on the old map, the course of 
the Kabul River being placed many miles too far north. 
On the occasion of the expedition to Lughman under General Jenkins, 
the Lughman river was traced by Major Tanner and Capt. Leach as far as 
Trigarhi, 26 miles from J elalabad, and a fair survey was made of the 
Lughman Valley from the Daronta Pass to the junction of the Alishang 
and Alingér Rivers. A more extended sketch, based upon trigonometrical 
points, was also obtained of the surrounding hills and heads of the above 
river valleys and extending westward to the Bad Pukht and Tang-i-Shaidan 
Passes. Observations were taken from a point 4,200 ft. on the Panchpai 
Range. The forces met with no opposition, and Major Tanner says that 
the people came in crowds round his plane-table, curious to see the English. 
He found the Tajik or Kunar language prevalent. 
p Accompanying a column under General Macpherson, Major Tanner 
surveyed the country between J elélabid and Bahram Khdan’s Fort, going 
vid the Tatang Pass, over the end of the Siah Koh Range, and returning 
along the foot of that range to Jelalabad w7d the Lakki Pass. 
Previous to the advance of the army Major Tanner surveyed and fixed 
the course of the Surkhdb River as far as Sultanpur, with all villages and 
many forts, thus completing the survey one march on the road to Kabul 
with all the country to the north of it as far as the Siah Koh Range. 
