168 J. Waterhouse—The Survey Operations in Afghanistén  [No. 8, 
accuracy and detail. From four stations round about he was able to fix al- 
most every prominent point in the Safed Koh and Siah Koh and also in the 
Karkacha range some 25 miles to the west. 
As soon as he heard that the troops were likely to return to India, 
Capt. Strahan sent Mr. Scott to the Safed Koh with instructions to get in 
all the sources of the Surkhab as far as possible, and to fill in all up to that 
river south of the road which will form the limit of the Survey. He him- 
self started for the Siah Koh and did two days’ good work from two peaks 
from which he had a most extended view. From the first he could see 
beyond Kabul and the Hindu Kish, somewhere near the Khevak Pass, but 
the high peaks there and about Kohistan and Panjshir were cloudy. From 
the second peak he could not see in the Kabul direction, but picked up 
some peaks on the Hindu Kush and got second rays to two peaks in 
KaAfiristan, somewhere about the sources of the Alishang and Alingar rivers. 
He intended to have visited a third peak but was ordered to go with Capt. 
Stewart of the Guides, to Ali Kheyl by the Lakarai Pass over the Safed 
Koh, This attempt unfortunately failed. 
Mr. Scott got to the top of the Sikaram Peak, on the Safed Koh 
(15,622 feet), and did a great deal of good work, observing to one solitary 
peak in the Hindu Kush in a part of the range unseen by any of the sur- 
veyors before, as it was hidden by the KaAfiristan hills. 
The total area actually surveyed during the progress of the operations 
of the Peshawar Column may be roughly estimated at about 2,500 square 
miles, a great part of which is quite new and the remainder correction of 
the old, incorrect and imperfect surveys. Besides the above 1,100 square 
miles were sketched from native information by Mr. G. B. Scott. It has 
all been mapped and published on the scale of 4 miles to an inch. 
During his stay at Jelalabad, Major Tanner took the opportunity of 
studying many points of interest connected with the numerous antiquities 
in the vicinity and the languages of the people, chiefly of the Kafirs. 
At Hada, about five miles south of Jelalabad, he came across a splendid 
subterraneous palace of the old Kafir kings, known as the Palace of Oda, 
Hoda or Hodé Raja, and had it excavated, finding several beautiful plaster 
heads and fragments. 
He made some study of the language spoken north of the Kabul river, 
through Kunar, Lughman, Kohistan &c. He says it has a most perfect 
grammar and is an Aryan language, he thinks very old and pure, and allied 
to that of the Kafirs, which he finds to be also Aryan and not Turanian. 
He had the names of several tribes of Kafirs, viz. Sana, Wama, Kantawar, 
Bukiwdma, Muliarwama, Shinogur, Kaliagal, Waigal and Nishigam., Each 
tribe is said to have a separate language. 
In the course of one of his excursions up the Siah Koh he collected 
