30 LIVERPOOL BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY, 
of the term Reproduction. Reproduction can have only 
one meaning, unless we are to be allowed to play fast and 
loose with all words of the kind, and that is the process of 
formation of a new organism from a parent or parents. 
That process may be a sexual or an asexual one. Indeed 
I would feel inclined to include under the term Repro- 
duction all cases of gemmation, whether of such a low type 
as that illustrated by Marchantia and Lunularia or of the 
higher types illustrated by the flowering plants. 
(6) In a recent paper by Professor T. J. Parker, F.B.S., 
of Otago,* some valuable suggestions on the subject of 
terminology are given, and certain criticisms offered of the 
terms I proposed in the paper already referred to. I am 
more than glad to find that Prof. Parker enters heartily 
into the arena to do battle against the archaic terminology 
of the textbooks, and welcome him as a powerful ally. 
Whilst agreeing with me on the broad principles which I 
laid down, he differs from me in certain details. I regard 
one sentence in his paper as expressing admirably the 
object which we in common have at heart, and it is :— 
“When once the homology of two structures, hitherto 
known by different names, whether in plants and animals, 
or in different groups of plants or of animals, is established 
beyond all reasonable doubt, the victory should be signalled — 
by a simplification of terminology.’’ Would that biologists 
would take this advice to heart ! 
I may now pass to Professor Parker’s criticisms. He 
would ‘‘retain the terms gonad (= reproductive organ), 
gamete (= conjugating body), and zygote (= product of 
conjugation) as general terms, using the names spermary 
and ovary for differentiated male and female gonads ; 
* Proc. Australian Assoc. for the Advancement of Science, Sydney, 1888 
p. 338. 
