174 LIVERPOOL BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 
The antenne are very large in the male and bear large 
hairs—in the female they are smaller and provided only 
with few hairs. The basal joint of each is very large and 
hemispherical—I shall call it the ear, and my reasons for 
doing so will appear later. ‘The compound eyes are very 
large, especially in the male, and cover almost the whole 
surface of the head. he ocelli are small and black and 
abut upon the finder margins of the compound eyes, a 
position which has led to their being overlooked. One 
pair is present. The neck is very short and slender, giving 
the head very free movability, the body and legs are 
covered with scales varying in colour in different species, 
and similar scales are found on the ‘“‘ veins” of the wings. 
The hinder end of the abdomen of the male has a large 
pair of ‘‘ outer gonapophyses,” forming a pair of forceps, 
by means of which he grasps the female during copulation. 
These appear to be serially homologous with the thoracic 
legs, and are appendages of the ninth segment of the 
abdomen. Smaller appendages, also accessory genital 
organs, appear to be appendages of a tenth and perhaps 
also of an eleventh segment, but these segments are even 
more difficult to adentify than in the cockroach. The 
‘“‘cloaca’’ said to be found in the females of allied genera 
is not present—the anus and the genital aperture are quite 
distinct. 
The imago breathes by stigmata at the sides of the body, 
two pairs thoracic and one pair in each of the first seven 
segments of the abdomen. Of the internal organs, the 
heart, excretory organs of two kinds, and the ovaries or 
testes are essentially the same in the imago as in the 
advanced larva—every other organ and system of organs 
in the whole body is completely changed. 
The appendages of the thorax and abdomen are already 
recognizable in an advanced larva. These are three pairs 
