148 TRANSACTIONS LIVEEPOOL BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



well-marked minute plication of the branchial sac, as seen 

 on its outer surface,* in B. neapolitana, is quite sufficient 

 to separate that form from the species crassa axi&fusca. If 

 then these two species are to be separated from Ecteinas- 

 cidia, it seems clear that they must be distinguished also 

 from Bliopalaa, and I would propose for them the generic 

 name Bhopalopsis (characterized by the elongated body, 

 the thick test, and the simple non-plicated branchial sac), 

 so that they would now become Bhopalopsis crassa and 

 B. fusca. 



The third " Challenger " species, E. tiirbinata, Herdm., 

 is separated generically from the rest by Ed. Van Beneden, 

 and is made the type of the restricted genus, Ecteinascidia, 

 characterised by various features which will be found 

 described and figured in the " Challenger " Eeport,! viz., 

 the thin membranous test, the narrow point of attach- 

 ment of the posterior end of the body to the stolon, the 

 absence of any constriction dividing the body into thorax 

 and abdomen, the position of the alimentary canal along- 

 side the branchial sac, the shape of the connecting ducts, 

 and of the stigmata of the branchial sac, the tentacular 

 shape of the dorsal languets, the condition of the mus- . 

 culature of the mantle, and the position of the genital 

 organs in the intestinal loop. I am not sure that all of 

 these characteristics will prove to be of generic value. If 

 some new species of Ecteinascidia (in the restricted sense) 

 came to be known I would not be surprised to find that 

 they differed from E. tiirbinata in some of the points 

 enumerated above, such as the shape of the stigmata and 

 of the connecting ducts, and possibly even of the dorsal 

 languets, and in fact that is partly the case with the new 

 species described below. But the remaining features, and 



* See Roule's figure, Rec. Zool. Suisse, t. iii. pi. xiii., fig. 7. 

 + Part I., p. 243, and pi. xxxvi. 



