222 transactions liverpool biological society. 



Explanation of the Plates of Appendix. 

 Plate XL 



Fig. 1. Style of Esperella sordida, Bowerbank, X 400. 

 Fig. 2. Rosette of palmate anisochela? of the same,. 



X 400. 

 Fig. 3. Isolated palmate anisochela, X 800. 

 Figs. 4 and 5. Simple and contort Sigmata, X 400. 

 Figs. 6 and 7. Toxa, X 400. 

 Fig. 8. Embryo in optical section, X 100. 

 Fig. 9. Vertical section through an embryo, enclosed by 



membranous capsule 



Plate XII. 



Fig. 1. Inner portion of a vertical section through Aphj- 

 silla rubra, Hanitsch, showing an exhalent 

 canal with flagellated chambers opening into 

 it, X 120. 



Fig. 2. Outer portion of a vertical section through the 

 same, showing dermal membrane with gland - 

 cells and subdermal cavities, X 250. 



Fig. 3. Outer portion of a vertical section showing one of 

 the spongin-fibres projecting beyond the level 

 of the sponge and dragging upwards the der- 

 mal membrane, etc. X 250 



Fig. 4. Part of Hmiting membrane and spongm-fibre 

 arising from it, X 250. 



Fig. 5. Flagellated chamber, X 800. 



Fig. 6. Diagrammatic vertical section to show arrange- 

 ment of the spongin-fibres, X 15. 



