FROM NORTHWESTERN EUROPE 37 
DisTRIBUTION. The species is recorded from Poland, and the Swabian and 
Franconian Jura. 
OCCURRENCE. Occurs in association with sponge reefs, together with the usual 
fauna of ammonites and terebratulids. 
Remarks. The name cracoviensts was first used by Quenstedt (1871) in describing 
material from the area of Krakow, Poland ; the specimen he then figured, pl. 60, 
fig. 43, has been selected as lectotype. The species has been well figured by 
Wisniewska (1932) and the author would agree with her in placing in synonymy the 
specimen figured by Quenstedt (1871), pl. 39, fig. 78, as Terebratula lacunosa sub- 
similis from the “‘ Malm beta’’. This latter specimen undoubtedly belongs to this 
rather variable species and other German material from this horizon can be matched 
exactly with the specimens figured by Wisniewska from Poland. 
The name subsimilis was coined by Schlotheim (1820) for material from the 
“ Hornstein ’’, near Amberg, which is generally assumed to be “ Malm epsilon ”’ 
in age. Quenstedt figured a specimen of subsimilis of this age (pl. 39, fig. 108). 
Rollier (1917) proposed the name prosimilis for the specimen figured by Quenstedt 
from the “ Malm beta ”’ in order to differentiate it from subsimilis of Schlotheim. 
No specimens from the “‘ Malm epsilon ’’ referrable to the Schlotheim species have 
been examined. It has been decided, in view of the stratigraphic diastem, namely 
“Malm upper gamma” and “delta’’ which separates it from L. cracoviensis, 
together with the fact that lack of material makes taxonomic revision impossible, 
to continue to regard subsimilis as a separate species restricted to the “‘ Malm 
epsilon ”’. 
, 
Lacunosella sparsicosta (Quenstedt) 
(Pl. 2, figs. 7-8, text-fig. 16) 
1858 Terebvatula lacunosa sparsicosta Quenstedt: 633-34, pl. 78, figs. 19-22. 
1871 Terebrvatula lacunosa sparsicosta Quenstedt: 126-28, pl. 39, figs. 92-93, ?94. 
1890 Rhynchonella lacunosa var. sparsicosta (Quenstedt); Haas: 51-52, pl. 6, figs. 9-12, 15-17. 
1917 Rhynchonella sparsicosta (Quenstedt); Rollier: 140. 
EMENDED DIAGNOSIS. Small to medium-sized, subpentagonal Lacunosella ; 6-7 
ribs anteriorly of which 2-3 lie on the fold ; posterior smooth area present ; crura 
falcifer. 
STRATIGRAPHICAL RANGE. It appears to be restricted to the ‘““Malm gamma ”’, 
which is equivalent to the cymodoce zone of the Kimmeridgian. 
TYPE SPECIMEN. Lectotype, here selected, fig. 93, pl. 39 in Quenstedt (1871), 
from the ““ Malm gamma ”’ of Kasbthl, Germany. 
MATERIAL. 10 specimens, author’s collection from Franconia in British Museum 
(Nat. Hist.) nos. BB. 45640-49. 35 specimens, collection of Tubingen University 
from Swabia ; 13 specimens, collection of the Naturhistorisches Museum, Basel, 
from the Schaffhausen area. 
DEscRIPTION. External characters. L. sparsicosta is one of the smallest species 
in the genus ; it is subpentagonal in outline and has a strong uniplication in the 
anterior commissure. It is biconvex with the brachial valve considerably more 
