FROM NORTHWESTERN EUROPE 107 
Brachial valve. The median septum is weak and there are no septalial plates. 
The crural bases are clearly differentiated. The radulifer crura are relatively small 
and curve only slightly to the ventral of the plane of articulation. The sockets show 
tegulate crenulations ; inner and outer socket ridges are both strongly developed. 
DISTRIBUTION. Judging from the figures and descriptions in the literature, the 
species has a rather discontinuous distribution. The material figured by Zieten 
(1832), Minster (1839) and Quenstedt (1852, 1871, 1885) came from the Franconian 
and Swabian Jura, while the type localities for Rhynchonella Astieriana of Orbigny 
(1847) are in the French “ Alpes Maritimes ” at Escragnolles and La Malle. Other 
figured specimens which would appear to be conspecific are from ‘‘ Les Alpes 
Bernoises et Vaudoises ”’ (Ooster, 1863), and from Stramberk, Czechoslovakia, and 
adjacent areas of Poland (Suess, 1858). 
OccuRRENCE. At Saal, T. speciosa is associated with a very varied fauna which 
includes many large species, or at least large specimens, of terebratulids, gasteropods 
and lamellibranchs. One of the most distinctive elements here is the lamellibranch 
Diceras, which gives its name to the limestone. Dr. Barthel (personal communica- 
tion 1965) suggests that the Diceras-Kalk, as seen at Saal and Kelheim, represents a 
fore-reef limestone. Unfortunately, the details at Saal are largely obscured by the 
recrystallization, tectonics and fissure infillings of younger material. 
RemArKS. Although the name Rhynchonella Astiertana of Orbigny (1847) has 
been very widely used and is embedded in the literature, it is an indisputable object- 
ive junior synonym of Terebratula inconstans speciosa of Minster (1839). In his 
original description of R. Astieriana Orbigny gave Miinster’s species in his synonymy 
and as, under the present rules of nomenclature, it is not permitted to arbitrarily 
replace a specific or subspecific name with another, Miinster’s name speciosa must be 
given priority. Since Orbigny, it appears that only Quenstedt (1871) has described 
Astieriana as a synonym of sfeciosa while other authors such as Suess (1858) and 
Haas (1870) have either retained the name Astieviana while admitting speciosa as a 
synonym of it, or ignored sfeciosa altogether, e.g., Jacob and Fallot (1913). In 
general, the name Astveviana has tended to be used for all rhynchonellids in the 
Upper Jurassic showing asymmetry. 
Terebratula difformis of Zieten is a junior homonym of T. difformis of Lamarck. 
“Rhynchonella” ordinaria sp. n. 
(Pl. 9, figs. 7-11, text-figs. 38-39) 
NAME. Latin ordinarius-a-um, ordinary ; the species is a very “ ordinary look- 
ing ’’ rhynchonellid. 
DiaGnosis. Medium sized rhynchonellid ; strong suberect beak ; 15-20 simple, 
subangular ribs ; there is a weak median septum ; septalial plates present but only 
poorly developed ; crura radulifer. 
STRATIGRAPHICAL RANGE. Of the two occurrences of the species known one is in 
the pseudocordata zone of the Oxfordian and the other is in the “‘ Sequanien ’’. 
_ TYPE SPECIMEN. Holotype, BB. 45167, was obtained from the pseudocordata 
zone at Mont Dolet near Sermérieu (Isére), France. 
