MARINE BIOLOGICAL STATION AT PORT ERIN SU! 
APPENDIX A. 
AN ADDRESS UPON 
SIR JOHN MURRAY, K.C.B., F.R.S., THE PIONEER 
OF MODERN OCEANOGRAPHY. 
GIVEN BEFORE THE LIVERPOOL BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY 
By W. A. Herpman. 
___I desire to lay before you on the present occasion the 
third and last of this short series of studies of those notable 
_ pioneers in British Marine Biology leading on to Oceanography, 
_ Professor Edward Forbes, Sir Wyville Thomson and Sir John 
_ Murray. During these last three years of war our usual biological 
_ work at sea has been impossible, and it seemed fitting that the 
opportunity should be taken to lay before our students some 
_ record of those who had established a Science of the Sea in our 
country. In 1915 our thoughts were naturally turned to 
’ Edward Forbes by the centenary of his birth, which was 
celebrated that year. The following year (1916) it seemed 
natural to talk of Wyville Thomson, who extended to the 
_ depths of the great oceans those methods of exploration which 
_ Forbes had started on the coasts of Europe. Finally, in 1917, 
_ we realise that Murray continued and completed the work of 
_ Thomson, in addition to undertaking other more recent investi- 
gations. While Sir Wyville Thomson’s name will always be 
remembered as the leader of the “ Challenger’ Expedition, 
_ Sir John Murray will be known in the history of Science as 
_ the Naturalist who brought to a successful issue the investiga- 
tion of the enormous collections and the publication of the 
_ scientific results of that memorable voyage: these two Scots 
| share the honour of having guided the destinies of what is 
_ still the greatest oceanographic exploration of all times. 
