NOTES ON FLORAL MORPHOLOGY. 47 
perianth is insignificant, whilst in the entomophilous 
flowers they are protected, and the perianth is well 
developed; and (2) that in the anemophilous flowers a 
large quantity of pollen is produced, with, therefore, a 
large margin for waste, whilst in the entomophilous forms 
the pollen is much less in amount, with little margin for 
waste. 
From the fact that there is a small margin for waste in 
the amount of pollen produced by entomophilous flowers, 
it follows necessarily that the pollen must be protected 
from winds. It is, in some cases, so protected by the 
nature of the pollen itself, which tends towards viscidity, 
as opposed to the dry dusty pollen of the anemophilous 
flower. At the same time there can be no doubt that the 
perianth serves as an important organ of protection, and 
the manner in which the perianth, and more especially the 
corolla performs this function, is the subject of this note. 
We may note that flowers are classifiable in a variety 
of ways. For example, we may describe them as simple 
or compound, stalked or sessile, gamopetalous or poly- 
petalous. These divisions are of course artificial, when 
the position of the entire plants in the natural system 
is being considered, but are of use when we are dealing 
with flowers only. 
The first point we have to determine is—Is there any 
relationship existing between these various conditions? and, 
second—What is the comparative value of these several 
conditions looked at from the special aspect with which 
we are at present engaged? 
It may be best to examine the several conditions one 
by one. 
1. What will be the action of wind on a polypetalous 
flower ? 
Obviously the effect will differ, according as the flower 
