50 LIVERPOOL BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 
position. In the true gamopetalous form of corolla, 
however, we have a perfect instance of the importance of 
the bell shape as an efficient protective organ. The 
hyperbolic curve is usually very distinct as say in such 
forms as Campanula, Gloxinia, and such lke. 
4. Lastly, where the flowers are sessile we frequently 
find special adaptations of the corolla, whether poly- 
petalous or gamopetalous, which render strong wind 
innocuous to the flower. Not infrequently also the 
anthers and pollen are specially modified so that a 
minimum of pollen is lost in high winds. These special 
methods of protection are also common amongst those 
forms we have already discussed. 
It is quite true that this is only one aspect of a very 
wide subject, whilst there are many modifying influences 
at work along with those I have drawn attention to. Still 
it seems very probable that the form of the corolla as a 
protective agent is of some importance, and that is all this 
paper is intended to show. 
