60 LIVERPOOL BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 
be raised which might at any time incline the neighbours 
to appeal to the sanitary authorities and make things 
generally unpleasant. In order to avoid this we used to 
go to our old laboratory at midnight, when we concluded 
that anybody still out of bed would most likely be too 
drowsy to notice the insinuating perfume, and empty our 
jars as quietly as possible; but these stealthy midnight 
visits are now needless since the present tank has been in 
use, for the water sinks gradually and without disturbance, 
giving off very little smell, which is overcome by the 
disinfectants I have named. x 
The water in the tank is warmed by a No. 1 Star Boiler 
placed at its deep end. The hot-water pipe (1 inch high 
pressure) is connected with the boiler by a double brass 
union, which, being the highest point, gives off, before 
entering the tank, the escape pipe of 1 inch diameter. 
After entering the tank the pipe runs close to the sides, 
resting on a narrow wooden support made to fit tightly 
and supported by wooden blocks; the pipe runs thus along 
the back, one end and the front, having a slight fall all the 
way, then makes a rather large loop, and is joined to 
another double brass union, which receives the supply 
pipe from the cistern, and then runs into the boiler, thus 
completing the circle. Where the unions pierce the end 
of the tank they are packed, and screwed very tightly 
against the zinc to prevent leakage. 
The cistern, an iron one, is 18 inches long by 9 wide 
and 12 deep; the supply pipe is carried slightly above the 
level of the bottom to keep grit and dirt out of the boiler, 
then goes to join the return hot-water pipe, as we have 
seen; the steam escape pipe is bent over the cistern so 
that the condensed steam may drop into it. 
The water in the tank should be kept at a warm tem- 
perature, not hot, or the flesh will all leave the bones, and 
