JUBIFEX. 359 



These can all be studied in detail by means of transverse 

 and longitudinal sections, but it is interesting and 

 instructive to liberate the sperm duct from the body in the 

 living condition. This is possible by appropriate and 

 careful teasing out of the reproductive segments of a 

 mature worm. During this teasing-out process, the duct 

 can be recognised as a small, whitish, shining mass, 

 formed of a number of coils, which, with care, can be 

 unravelled on the slide. 



It is comparatively easy to get the tube with the 

 spermiducal gland and penis still attached, but the 

 structure of the penis cannot be seen well by this means, 

 the only feature which is clearly brought out being the 

 chitinous nature of the penis sheath. It is a much more 

 delicate operation, however, to get the extreme anterior 

 portion of the tubular part with the ciliated funnel still 

 attached. The difficulty is due to the fact that the funnel 

 is situated in a different segment from that occupied by 

 the tube, and the latter is usually broken off at the 

 septum. If one is fortunate enough to get the funnel also, 

 the shape of the latter can be fairly clearly seen, and its 

 appearance will be described later. Although this 

 method of investigation is invaluable for obtaining a 

 correct idea of the relation of the various parts of the 

 sperm-duct to one another, it is of no use for histological 

 details. 



1. The Ciliated Funnels of the sperm ducts are 

 situated in the segment in front of that which 

 contains the tubular part of the duct, that is, they lie in 

 segment 10, or the segment that contains the testes, and 

 they open directly into the body cavity. When seen in 

 the living condition the funnel has the form of a flat, 

 plate-like expansion, but when sections are examined it 

 will be seen that its shape and appearance vary a good 



