16 TRANSACTIONS LIVERPOOL BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



former plantings. The houses occupy the north west end. 



A few years before the foundation of the Chelsea Garden 

 that more especially associated with the name of Linnaeus 

 came into being. Considering the enormous influence 

 this famous man had on Botany, a brief account of the 

 garden at Upsala may not be without interest. Although 

 founded by Kudbeck in 1660 it was not until 1742 that 

 the Upsala garden came under the direction of Linnaeus. 

 An old pamphlet dated 1745 published by his authority 

 gives an account of the gardens at that date. You will 

 be able to obtain some notion of their character from the 

 photo of the plate which illustrates this work. The 

 garden was in the form of an oblong. The northern end 

 was lined with greenhouses — cool, temperate and hot. 

 To the right of this range was an " area vernalis " to the 

 left an " area autumnalis " and immediately in front an 

 " area meridionalis." In the middle of the garden were 

 three aquaria for marsh, lake and river plants respectively. 

 The remainder of the space was occupied by two great 

 sets of beds, that to the right for annuals, that to the left 

 for perennials, whilst to the south were further ornamental 

 flower beds, the houses of the gardeners, the museum, 

 library and so on. 



It is worth pausing to note at this point that whilst, as we 

 have already seen, the first Italian Gardens were avowedly 

 purely medicinal, that of Montpellier was a compromise. 

 Although laid out primarily for the cultivation of medicinal 

 herbs, it was not purely and exclusively pharmaceutical. 

 In accordance with Belleval's scheme a portion of the 

 space alloted to him was designed to accommodate plants 

 not necessarily medicinally useful and arranged according 

 to their habit, rock, aquatic, marsh loving, and so on as 

 the case might be. Here in the Upsala garden the 

 specially pharmaceutical purpose is ignored and the beds 



