i;o CLAYS AND CLAY INDUSTRY. 



below the stoneware clay proper, and then another bed of similar 

 clay 1 5 feet thick. This lower clay was, however, extremely local 

 in extent and could be followed only a few rods. 



Extent. — The outcrop of the stoneware clay with the asso- 

 ciated black, sandy clay is indicated on the map, Plate XI. At the 

 pits of Perrine and of Whitehead (78) and (76), at the head of 

 Henry street, South Amboy, a dark-bluish to black clay is dug. 

 Similar clays occur beneath the sand in the neighboring cuts along 

 the Raritan River R. R. Along the Pennsylvania R. R., south 

 O'f the coal yards, the black, lignitic clay occurring in the bottom 

 of the cut is probably just above the stoneware clay proper. 



Farther southwest along the railroad, C. P. Rose dig*s a red 

 and white-mottled, stoneware clay, while in pits at a somewhat 

 greater elevation near Ernston station, a black, lignitic clay has 

 been found. Since the base of the bed has here an elevation of 

 about 67 to 70 feet, the northwestern extension of the clay in this 

 vicinity is limited by the low ground west of the railroad. South 

 and southwest of Ernston the country is high and the clay is 

 buried, by the overlying Cretaceous sands and later gravels, to 

 depths in some cases approximating 100 feet. It is impossible, 

 therefore, to limit accurately the northwestern extension of the 

 clay bed in this high area, but in the lower ground a mile and one- 

 half south of Ernston, the clay outcrops again and is dug by H. C. 

 Perrine & Son (81) — Poorhouse bank — one-half mile east of the 

 railroad. Here the top of the stoneware clay has an elevation of 

 43 feet above sea level, varies in thickness from' 4 to 10 feet, and 

 isi overlain by several feet of sandy, black or brown, weathered 

 clay. South of this locality, the clay probably underlies consid- 

 erable areas of the low ground about the headwaters of Tennant 

 brook and its branches. A light-colored, sandy clay was formerly 

 dug there by Charles Reynolds, and both black and white clays 

 are found upon the farm of E. Z. Lambertson. Still farther 

 southwest and a mile southeast of Old Bridge a black lignitic clay 

 occurs at an elevation fairly well in accord with that of the black, 

 sandy clay overlying the stoneware clay proper. So, also, clay 

 has been observed at a number of points along the road southwest 

 of Old Bridge, at the proper elevation for the stoneware bed. 

 In default, however, of further knowledge of the character and 



