176 CLAYS AND CLAY INDUSTRY. 



At Charles Edgar's pits (268) the average thickness is 15 feet ; at 

 Sayre & Fisher's (267) 8 feet, while in the adjoining railroad cut 

 near Van Deventer's station, on the Raritan River railway, it is ab- 

 sent entirely or represented only by a sandy clay 1 or 2 feet thick. 

 In Whitehead Brothers' banks, between Sayeville and Burt Creek, 

 the thickness varies from; 5 to 15 feet, but in the isolated hill just 

 north of bank 69 (see map) quartz sand apparently occupies the 

 horizon of the clay, which is absent. S0 1 , too, farther east, J. R. 

 Grossman's, and J. R. Such's clay (65, 66, 67) ranges from 8 to 

 30 feet, including all grades. In the various pits on the old Kear- 

 ney tract (60, 61, 62) the clay has been found to. run from 8 to 

 20 feet, but at Grossman's sand pit (63), and in the isolated hill 

 just south O'f his. dock, there is no ! sign of the fire clay, its horizon 

 being occupied by coarse quartz sand. One-fourth mile east, 

 however, in a new bank of the Sayre & Fisher Company (274), 

 1 2 to 15 feet of white and red-mottled clay is found at an eleva- 

 tion of between 70 and 58 feet above tide, while a few rods still 

 farther east a dark-blue terra-cotta clay occurs at a corresponding 

 elevation, For two^thirds of a mile farther north along the west- 

 ern face of the hills, a number of small openings have been made 

 in search of the fire clay, but it is absent altogether, or is too thin 

 to be worked profitably. Many years ago', however, it was found 

 at an elevation (top) of 60 feet in considerable thickness about 

 one-half mile southeast of Kearney's dock, where a large area 

 was dug over. East of this point the clay cannot be traced con- 

 tinuously, but the sandy clay (4 to 7 feet thick) dug by George 

 A. Thomas (56) at South Amboy apparently corresponds strati- 

 graphically to- the fire clay. 



North of the Raritan river this clay bed is dug chiefly by Mc- 

 Hose Brothers (45) north of Florida Grove, and by Henry 

 Maurer & Son. (42) . At the McHose bank the clay varies greatly 

 in thickness and quality. In one part of this bank there was found 

 a black, lignitic clay, beneath which the fire clay was supposed to 

 exist, but instead a boring penetrated between 30 and 40 feet of 

 sand. At this depth 9 feet of blue and buff clay were found, but 

 at tooi low a level to be correlated with the Amboy fire-clay bed. 

 In adjoining portions of the bank 15 to 25 feet of clay of various 

 grades are found, all belonging to the fire-clav horizon. Maurer's 



