FIRE CLAYS AND FIRE-BRICK INDUSTRY. 3 1 5 



ground quartz were made up and their fusion points tested in the 

 Deville furnace. These results were plotted in a curve (Fig. 41), 

 which in its general form agrees with that of Seger, but shows 

 lower cones of fusion for corresponding mixtures. The results 

 obtained with New Jersey clays seem' to agree more closely with 

 this curve than they did with Seger's (Fig. 40). 



Applying the facts obtained from these experiments to a study 

 of fire clays it would seem that, other things being equal, those 

 fire clays will be the most refractory which contain the lowest 

 percentage of fluxing impurities such as iron, lime, magnesia and 

 alkalies, and the smallest quantity of sand or silica not in com- 

 bination with the alumina of kaolinite. 



Let us see how these facts apply to some New Jersey clays, 

 analyses and fusion points of which are given below. 



Analyses of some New Jersey fire clays. 



I 



2 



3 



4 



5 



6 



7 



8 



9 



10 



11 



12 



13 















O 



V 









H 



ri 

















•0 















*2 

 3 



SO 



< 



■d 



°o 



O a 



•r u 

 fcfa 



ft. 



O 



i3 



.2 



13 to 

 tog 



.a » 

 < 



•1.2 





oJ 



V 



u 



4-. 



V 



'•h 



V 



M 

 3 







3 







<u 

 G 

 O 

 O 



I 



50.60 



51-56 

 68.67 



34-35 

 33-13 

 21.46 



0.78 

 0.78 

 0.78 



tr. 



tr. 



tr. 



1.62 



1.91 



1-34 



12.90 



12 50 

 6.40 



87.20 

 83 94 

 52.82 



10.65 

 13-25 

 43-71 



O.78 



90 



2.13 



34 + 



2 





0.12 





34 + 



3 





1-35 





27 

















with 













4 



67.26 



2336 



1.63 



0-25 





0.65 



A1 2 3 

 with 



694 



57-47 



40 09 



2 53 



27 



5 



45-76 

 69.78 



39-05 

 19.86 



tr. 

 0.62 



095 



04 





Al 2 3 



1.96 



14.46 

 6 54 



9893 

 49-5° 



24 

 46.68 



0-99 

 1 86 



34 + 



6 





1.24 





30 

















with 













7 



40 64 



41.19 



3-27 



0.65 







A1 2 3 



14-74 



96.57 





3-92 



29 









1 Exclusive of titanium. This probably stands intermediate between silica, and the other 

 fluxes, in its fluxing power, but nearest to silica. 



No. i. No. i fire clay, M. D. Valentine & Bro. (Loc. 14), Woodbridge. 



.2. No. 1 fire clay, Anness & Potter (Loc. 6), Woodbridge. 



3. Top-sandy clay, Anness & Potter (Loc. 6), Woodbridge. 



4. Fire-mortar clay, Maurer & Son (Loc. 24), Woodbridge. 



5. Ware clay, W. H. Cutter (Loc. 29), Woodbridge. 



6. No. 1 sandy clay, McHose Bros. (Loc. 45), Florida Grove. 



7. No. 1 blue fire clay, J. R. Crossman (Loc. 65), Burt Creek. 



