372 CLAYS AND CLAY INDUSTRY. 



bluish-white sand. The mottled clay close to. the bridge across the 

 creek is of promising appearance, and may expand in thickness. 

 It is a gritty and not highly plastic clay with an air shrinkage of 



6.6 per cent. It burns buff, and its fire shrinkage at cone 5 is only 



2.7 per cent., the bricklet having an absorption of 13.25 per cent. 

 Its visible extent is not great, but still it should encourage further 

 prospecting in this region. 



Deposits of buff-burning clays are also known around 

 Doughty' s, but are not being worked at present. 



Bakersville. — At Bakersville a large deposit of clay occurs 

 which is probably referable to the Cape May formation and which 

 differs considerably from the Cohansey deposits in its physical 

 characters. The section shows 1) a bottom clay, 2) a middle 

 sandy layer, 3) a. top sandy clay. The bottom clay alone, although 

 very plastic, has too great a fire shrinkage to be used by itself, for 

 the latter at cone 1 amounts to 15.5 per cent., and even then the 

 clay does not burn dense. The top clay softens rapidly when 

 water is added, and cannot be used alone, even though its strength 

 is 105 pounds per square inch. The best results are, therefore, 

 obtained by using a mixture of the top and bottom clays and 

 molding them with as little water and as much pressure as pos- 

 sible. 



Qi lay-working industry. — Common brick are made in large 

 quantity by the Somers Brick Company, at Bakersville, much of 

 the product g'oing to supply the local market at Atlantic City. 

 Other yards are those of David Doerr, near Da Costa, and of Rupp 

 & Sawyer, northeast of Elwood. Pressed brick are made by the 

 Atlantic Brick Manufacturing Company, of Mays Landing, while 

 earthenware is produced by Julius Einsiedel, at Egg Harbor City, 

 a portion of his clay being obtained from small pits near that 

 place. 



