378 CLAYS AND CLAY INDUSTRY. 



J. Eayre, half a mile northwest of Florence station and the follow- 

 ing- analysis of the best white clay from his bank was given by 

 Dr. Cook. 1 



Analysis of clay from J. Bayre's pit, Florence. 



Sand, 40.50 



Silica (Si0 2 ), 26.57 



Alumina (ALO3) and Titanic acid (TiO a ), 21.06 



Ferric oxide (Fe20 3 ), 1.98 



Lime (CaO), 



Magnesia (MgO), 0.60 



Potash (K : 0), 2.47 



Soda (Na.O), 0.21 



Water (rLO), ■ 5-8o 



Moisture, 0.80 



99.99 



Specific gravity 1.989-2.023. This analysis corresponds closely 

 to that of some of the Middlesex county stoneware clays. As- 

 sociated with the white clay is a reddish one that was used for 

 saggers. 



At locality 114, due north of Florence station the following 

 section was shown in an old clay pit near the river : 



Wind-blown sand, 6-8 ft. 



Cretaceous sand, 4-5 ft. 



Tough red and yellow clay, 5 ft. 



Tough, white clay, base not shown, 5 ft. 



"1 



A large area had been dug over, but nothing is known regard- 

 ing the clay. 



At Haedrick's pit, nearer Florence, beds of Raritan clay occur 

 beneath the sand, but they have not been tested. 



At Martin's brickyard (Loc. 115) a white, sandy clay is dug 

 by Jos. C. West, some of which is sold at Trenton and some at 

 the Florence foundry. The clay in these pits sometimes reaches 

 a thickness of 18 feet. A black clay of much later age occurs 

 elsewhere in the yard, above the white Raritan clay and is used 

 for brick (see below). 



1 Loc. cit. p. 243. 



