CLAYS OF BURLINGTON COUNTY. 383 



On account of the low cone number at which the clay softens 

 care has to be used in burning, so that the bricks do not crush 

 out of shape. This clay shows the highest fire shrinkage of any 

 of the Clay Marls tested and cannot be used alone, but is mixed 

 with considerable top loam (See tables of Pleistocene tests, p. 

 348) . The latter burns to a porous body of low shrinkage, and, 

 therefore, counteracts the undesirable properties of the clay. The 

 bricks show up well when tested. 



Kinkora. — As noted above (p. 381), Clay Marl I is used for 

 common brick, at Murrell Dobbins' brickyard, Kinkora (Loc. 

 113), along with some sandy clay from the Raritan and some 

 clay loam of late Pleistocene age. It is a black, very micaceous 

 clay with more or less greensand marl and is from 12 to 14 feet 

 thick in the bank. Samples were not tested. 



Cross-wicks. — Clay Marl II is worked at Crosswicks (Loc. 

 no), by J. Braislin & Son, for making hollow bricks (PI. 

 XXXIV, Fig. 2). The clay bank is about 20 feet high and is 

 one of the best exposures of this formation in Burlington county. 

 The clay burns red, and is probably of low fusibility judging from 

 the behavior of the ware in the kiln. 



Maple Shade. — The- same Clay Marl formation is worked by 

 T. Saucelein, at Maple Shade (Loc. 150), on the north side of the 

 railroad tracks. Here the beds are mostly weathered, but burn 

 to a hard, red brick, and make a good product on stiff-mud ma- 

 chines. 



On the south side of the railroad, and just south of the trolley 

 road from Merchantville to Moorestown is A. Reeve's brick-clay 

 pit (Loc. 149, PI. XLI, Fig. 1), but here the clay dug is at the 

 line of contact between Clay Marl I, and Clay Marl II, both being 

 used. The section exposed in 1902 was about thirty feet high 

 and showed the following layers beginning at the top : 



No. 1 

 No. 2 



No. 3 

 No. 4 

 No. 



Section in A. Reeve's clay pit, Maple Shade. 



Loamy gravel, 2 ft. 



Weathered clay, 8 ft. ) 



Black clay, 6 ft. } Clay Marl II. 



Greensand and clay, 6 ft. } 



Black clay, S ft. J" Clay Marl L 



