CLAYS OF MONMOUTH COUNTY. 475 



steam shovel is undesirable, since with it the different layers 

 •cannot readily be kept apart. 



Lorillard. — In addition to the localities already mentioned Clay 

 Marl II is also worked at Lorillard, east of Keyport, but here the 

 material is used for the manufacture of fireproofing and not for 

 b>ricks. It is the most extensive clay opening- in the county, and is 

 rapidly increasing in size. The clay is dug- with a steam shovel 

 and hauled to the works on tram cars by a small engine. 



Asbury Clays.' 



Farther south in the county and in the eastern portion of it, 

 the Asbury clays of the Miocene are abundantly exposed in the 

 region west of Asbury Park, as has been somewhat fully de- 

 scribed in Chapter VII (pp. 145, 146). 



Asbury Park. — The best section exposed is that at Drummond's 

 "brickyard west of Asbury Park (Loc. 217), where three distinct 

 beds are seen. 



Section at Drummond's clay bank. 



1. Top loamy clay, 6 feet. 



2. Yellow laminated sand and clay, 6 feet. 



3. Black laminated sandy clay, 8 feet. 



In making stiff-mud brick on the auger machine, the middle 

 laminated sandy clay is usually left out and a mixture of the top 

 loam and the black clay is used. The materials as they come 

 from the bank are considered to have sufficient moisture for 

 working them through a die and therefore no water is used. It 

 may be fairly questioned however, whether the stiff-mud process 

 lias shown itself to be better than the soft-mud for molding these 

 Asbury clays. 



The physical properties of the above clays and of a mixture of 

 the top and bottom layers of the bank are given in the following 

 table and by comparison show the interesting results produced by 

 the mixture : 



