CLAYS OF MONMOUTH COUNTY. 477 



at cone 05 is slightly lower than for either clay alone, but the 

 porosity, as indicated by the absorption, is intermediate between 

 that of the two clays. When burned at cone 1, the mixture had 

 a very much lower fire shrinkage than that of the black clay, but 

 slightly higher than that of the top loam. The porosity at this 

 cone, however, seems to be greater in the mixture than in either of 

 the two clays alone. 



Pine Brook. — The Asbury clay is well exposed in the "black 

 cut" along the N. J. Southern R. R. midway between Pine Brook 

 and Shark River station, where a new brickyard has recently 

 been started by Geo. B. Decker (Loc. 216). Considerable varia- 

 tion is found in the material from point to point, some of the 

 clay being black and not unlike that found at the Asbury yard, 

 while other beds are light yellowish or reddish and quite sandy. 



Farmingdale. — In the region north of Farmingdale (Loc. 214 

 and Loc. 215) several brickyards are using the surface loams, 

 mixed in some cases with underlying Miocene clay. The more 

 sandy portions are used for common brick while the more plastic 

 beds are separated and employed for making draintile. As an 

 example of the character of the material worked, we may take 

 the section seen at one of these yards (Loc. 214) . Here the bank 

 shows 3 feet of Pleistocene loam, which is underlain by a sandy, 

 thinly laminated Miocene clay, which is exposed to a thickness of 

 3 feet. The material is very open-burning, but makes a good 

 common red brick and may even be used for common draintile. 



An important deposit of Asbury clay is found on the property 

 of D. H. Applegate, 2^2 miles south of Eatontown (Loc. 270). 



The property has been well tested by borings, and the clay has 

 been proved to< extend over a considerable section. A boring 

 about 1 50 feet from the house showed : 



A. Yellow clayey loam, 4 ft. 



B. Light-colored clay with thin seams of fluffy sand, 4-5 ft. 



C. Black clay and thin sand seams, 5 ft. 



A sample of each of these was tested by burning with the fol- 

 lowing results : 



Sample A, when dry pressed and burned at cone 9, was gray- 

 buff, with a fire shrinkage of 5.2 per cent. 



