CLAYS OF OCEAN COUNTY. 483 



As the material is not easily fusible, nor fine-grained, it was 

 not burned below cone 5. At that cone, however, the fire shrink- 

 age was 2.7 per cent., absorption 9.08 per cent., color whitish, 

 and bricklet steel-hard. At cone 8 it was about the same, while 

 at cone 10 the fire shrinkage was 3 per cent., the absorption 8.13 

 per cent., and the color of the bricklet gray, showing tiny fused 

 "black specks. 



Some samples of the clay were screened through a 60-mesh 

 ■sieve and formed into dry-press tile, which were burned buff at 

 "both cone 5 and 8. The fire shrinkage of the former was 1.3 per 

 cent., and that of the latter 2 per cent. Both were porous, the 

 former having 25.59 per cent., and the latter 15.49 per cent, ab- 

 sorption. 



Wheatland. 1 — A pipe clay was formerly dug by E. N. &. J. L. 

 Townsend 1% miles southeast of Wheatland station, and used 

 in the manufacture of pipe and chimney tops at the drainpipe 

 works of the proprietors at Wheatland station. The pits have 

 long been abandoned, and it was not possible to' learn whether 

 the clay had been worked out. 



Union Clay Works. 2 — Clay was dug years agoi at the Union 

 Clay Works, 2 miles southeast of Adams' pits, at Old Half Way. 



The best clay was reported to be 10 feet thick and the deposit 

 was said to underlie 70 acres. The manufacture of sewer pipe 

 was started in 1866, and previously fire brick, and common pot- 

 tery had been attempted. The distance from a railroad and the 

 sandy wagon roads may have been one reason for the abandon- 

 ment of the works. 



Mayetta. — Between Manahawken and Tuckerton is another 

 extensive area of Cohansey clay, which is said to> underlie about 

 700 acres. Most of it is owned by the Eastern Hydraulic Press 

 Brick Company. The deposit (Loc. 209) lies about one-half 

 mile northwest of Mayetta station, and Ij4 miles southwest of 

 Manahawken, and was at one time worked for making common 

 "brick. The bricks burned red and were made chiefly from the 

 upper layers of the clay. In the pit two beds are recognizable, 



1 Report on the Clay Deposits in New Jersey, 1878, p. 256. 



2 Loc. cit., p. 256. 



