486 CLAYS AND CLAY INDUSTRY. 



least 60 acres. The upper part of the clay burns red at the tem- 

 perature at which common brick are burned, but the lower layers 

 are reported to be buff burning. A dock has been built on Bal- 

 lenger's creek, adjoining- the property, where, it is reported, ves- 

 sels drawing 14 feet of water can load. 



Northwest of Tuckerton, near Nugentown, a deposit of clay 

 is reported to occur upon lands owned by C. G. Baxter, Mark L. 

 C. Wilde and Mrs. Elkanak Palmer, of Philadelphia. The tract 

 of 50 acres has not been fully explored, but the clay is said to 

 underlie it all. Information regarding it was obtained by corre- 

 spondence, and the tract was not visited by members of the Survey 

 staff. 



Davenport. — At Davenport, 1 4 miles west of Toms River, on 

 the Pennsylvania R. R., clay occurs at scattered points on the 

 Yoder property (Loc. 208). Owing to the sandy overburden, 

 the dense brush, as well as absence of gullies to supply outcrops, 

 prospecting is difficult. Clay was penetrated by the auger at a 

 number of points, but the exact quantity present is not known. 

 At one point (Loc. 208) a red clay of good appearance and 

 smoothness was struck in a 3-foot, and again in a 5^ -foot boring, 

 and sufficient taken for a laboratory test (Lab. No. 686). This 

 gave the following results: Water required for tempering, 33.1 

 per cent. ; air shrinkage, 7.6 per cent. ; average tensile strength, 

 130 pounds per square inch. Its behavior in burning was as 

 follows : 



Burning tests of clay an Yoder property, near Davenport. 

 Cone 05 1358 



Fire shrinkage, .... 1.7% 6% 6.4% 7% 7.2% 



Color, pale red red deep red deep red deep red 



Condition, not steel-hard steel-hard 



Absorption, 19.09% 10.21% 7-98% 6.68% 7.21% 



The clay is pasty, gritty and tends to drag some in being 

 molded. It will be seen from the above that it does not vitrify at 

 a very low temperature. 



Samples of clay from property of J. S. Brown, near Daven- 

 port, and not far from the Yoder tract, were sent to the Survey 



1 Clay is now (1904) being actively dug on this property and shipped to 

 Perth Amboy and Philadelphia for terra cotta. 



