CLAYS OF OCEAN COUNTY. 487 



by Mr. Spencer Simpson, of Camden, N. J. On testing it was 

 found to have a very fair plasticity, and required about 25 per 

 cent, of water for tempering. Its tensile strength was 130 

 pounds per square inch, and air shrinkage 7 per cent. At cone 

 1 the fire shrinkage was 5 or 6 per cent., color a good red. It 

 vitrified at cone 4. 



Toms River. — In rather strong contrast to the Yoder clay 

 (Loc. 208) is one occurring on the property of Samuel Apple- 

 gate (Loc. 207), 4 miles a little west of north of Toms River. 

 This is a whitish, sandy clay, struck by boring at several points 

 on Mr. Applegate's farm. There is no special evidence to show 

 that it is not pockety. 



As the clay (Lab. No. 706) gave superficial indications of 

 being more refractory than most of the other Cohansey clays, a 

 sample of it was tested with the following results : Water re- 

 quired for tempering, 29.1 per cent.; air shrinkage, 5 per cent. 

 It behaved as follows in burning : 



Burning tests of clay, Samuel Applegate, Toms River. 



Cone 3 

 Fire shrinkage,. . 4% 

 Absorption, .... 11.92% 



Color, light buff 



Condition, steel-hard 



The clay is, therefore, at least semirefractory, and its character 

 and presence should encourage further prospecting. It ap- 

 proaches nearer a good No. 2 fire clay than any of the other 

 Cohansey clays tested. 



The Cohansey clays have been worked at Tilton's brickyard 

 (Loc. 206), near Toms River, for the manufacture of soft-mud 

 brick, for the past twenty years, and an extensive, but not very 

 deep, excavation has been made. The clay, which is less refrac- 

 tory than many of the other Cohansey clays found in the county, 

 is a dark, sandy material with much lignitic matter and irregular 

 streaks of whitish sand. 



Its thickness is variable and difficult to estimate, as the bank 

 is washed down at all points except the one where the clay is 

 being dug, but the section was approximately as follows : 



Cone 5 



Cone 8 



Cone is 



Cone 27 



5-i % 



5.6 % 



43 % 





11.03% 



7.88% 



3-Oi% 







light yellow 



light gray 









slight soft- 



vitrified and 







ening taking 



not yet 







place 



viscous 



