5o8 CLAYS AND CLAY INDUSTRY. 



2 might be available for the same purpose. No. 4 (Lab. 753) 

 when burned to cone 1 is brownish red, steel-hard and has an ab- 

 sorption of 3.79 per cent. Another sample, No. 5 (Lab. No: 751), 

 closely resembles the ochre in Tilton's. yard, near Toms River. It 

 is more plastic, however, and at cone 1 burned to a pinkish brick 

 of steel-hard body, with a total shrinkage of 9.3 per cent, and an 

 absorption of 8.66 per cent. Still another sample, No. 6 (Lab. 

 No. 752), burns dark brown and steel-hard at cone 1, with a total 

 shrinkage of 10 per cent, and an absorption of 2.05 per cent. 



Brass Castle. — A shallow, ferruginous clay, derived by wash 

 from decomposing gneiss rock, occurs at Brass Castle, and is 

 worked in a small way by John Benward for the manufacture of 

 common brick. The clay was not tested. 



Alpha. — A yellow clay formed by the decomposition of the 

 Portland cement rock (Trenton limestone formation), is dug at 

 Alpha (Loc. 278) near the cement plant for the manufacture of 

 brick. These are made by the soft-mud process, are of good color,, 

 and have been used in the new factory of the Alpha Portland 

 Cement Company. The deposit is a shallow one, but covers a 

 considerable area. 



Danville., — Glacial clay is said to occur on the land of A. W. 

 Davis, near Danville. The following is an analysis of it : 



Chemical analysis of a clay. A. W. Davis, Danville. 



Silica (Si0 2 ), 60.25 



Alumina (Al->0 3 ), 10.90 



Ferric oxide (Fe20 3 ) , ! 4-90 



Ferrous oxide (FeO) , 0.63 



Lime (CaO), 510 



Magnesia (MgO), 472 



Alkalies (Na 2 0, K 2 0), 4-59 



Water (H-0), 8.50 



Total, 99-59 



Total fluxes, 19.94 



This must be an exceedingly fusible clay. 



KarrsviUe. — Common brick have been made intermittently at 

 Karrsville by David E. Cole, 1 but the deposit is said to_ be of 

 limited area and depth. 



1 N. J. Geol. Surv., 1898, p. 198. 



