TuRDIDiE.] OSTEOLOGIA AVIUM. [TuRDIN^E, 



Vanga, Vieill. 



Torquatus, Lath. 

 Similar to the foregoing, but smaller, 



Lanarius, Vieill. 

 Peli, Bp. 



Cranium with the vertex very convex ; orbital septum very nearly obliterated, con- 

 sisting merely of a slight strip of bone. Palatine bones with their external edges bent 

 much downwards, and having a spine near their hinder extremities, pointing back- 

 wards ; masseter impression small. 



Sternum much narrowed behind the coracoids ; process for the attachment of the 

 ribs very long. 



Pelvis as broad as long ; vertebra on the anterior half visible ; obturator and ischi- 

 adic foramina both very large. 



Vina slightly longer than the humerus ; metacarpus short. 



Metatarsi long. 



Os furcatum and coracoids long, the former much laterally compressed ; process at 

 its junction with the sternum very large, flattened, and pointing backwards. 



Measurements. 



Tenths. 



Length of humerus . . . . . 10 



Length of ulna ..11 



Length of metacarpus .... 4J 



Length of femur 10 J 



Length of tibia 15J 



Length of metatarsus 11 



Length of sternum 10 J 



Tenths. 



Breadth of posterior margin of sternum 6J 



Breadth of anterior margin of sternum 5 



Depth of keel 3 



Length of head 16J 



Breadth of head 8 



Length of pelvis 9J 



Breadth of pelvis 9 J 



Laniarius, Vieill. 



Leucorhynchus, Rartl. 

 Similar to the foregoing. 



Turdus, Linn. 



Musicus, Linn. 



Type. 



Cranium very convex, with a slight channel running from the base of the bill, where 

 there is a deep transverse channel to the occiput ; orbital septum with a moderate-sized 



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