230 REVIEWS AND BOOK NOTICES. 
find any males in ten observations in the same place in the years — 
1857 and 1869, although nearly 10,000 specimens were carefully 
investigated. The chapter on Polistes is really a masterpiece: ig 
In the concluding remarks is stated the law that in Hymenop — 
tera (Apide, Vespide, Tenthredinide) the parthenogenesis de 
velopment always results in males, while in Lepidoptera and : 
Crustacea (Psychidæ, Talæporidæ, Phyllopoda) always females. — 
` The first, the Parthenogenesis resulting in males, is called Arneno- a 
toxy by Leuckart ; the second resulting in females is called Thely- q 
toxy by Siebold. There are some observations recorded on a 
initial development without impregnation of the egg in verte 
brate animals, by Oellacher on the hen, by Hensen on the rabbit, 
by L. Agassiz on codfishes. Finally, the fact that no male of 
‘the eel has been found is shaken; a fact which suggests that they 
are produced by parthenogenesis.—H. HAGEN. 
ETHNOGRAPHY. or THE SHORES OF BEHRING Sea. *— This well 
known author having visited Behring Sea nearly forty y p 
has now collected all the ethnographical facts of those part 
as its people are rapidly becoming extinguished and their caso 
are dying out. The chapters are: concerning the Aleuts ; Conte i 
ing Koljusches ; the names of the people along the northern Ame 
ican and Asiatic shores; voyage from Kamtschatka w 
reception in Sitka; the Koljusches in Sitka; tbe religion 
legends of the Koljusches ; liberty and slavery of the Koju 
their exterior appearance ; their industry together with that of bps 
neighboring people, their dress and the material of it, their 
building, the metallurgy, their food and vessels for preparing 
the Aleuts, their physical constitution, sexual customs, 
ings, shipbuilding and navigation, weapons of the 0 
hunting, anatomy and medicines, sense of beauty and #8 
enjoyments, legends and songs, numbers in the language 
words for numbering of all people around the 
Finally, there is a chapter on the history of the in 
for making fire by primitive people.— H. HAGEN. 
Earty Sraces or Dragon Fries. t— The dragon fie t 
i * Ethnographical observations and experiences on the shores per re 
by Prof. A. Erman in the Zeitschrift für Ethnology, 1870 and 1871- P:-® 
p. 149-175 p. 205-219 with a map. o. V. The Im 
t INustrated Catalogue of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, =" Cabot. 
ture State of the Odonata. Part I.— Subfamily Gomphina. By Loe 
8vo. pp. 18. Three lithographic plates. Cambridge. 1872. ; 
struments 
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