=e ee eae 
oe ee ei eee met RCo atk tre Ae 
THE WHITE COFFEE-LEAF MINER. 601 
Rio de Janeiro. They are said to extend over the whole coffee- 
region of Brazil. 
History. — Dr. Christovao, and his brother Col. Antonio Corréa 
e Castro told me that the coffee-trees were first introduced into 
Brazil by the Brazilian Minister at Paris, who sent two plants to 
the city of Rio de Janeiro, where they were planted on Mount 
Tijuca. From these two plants many others were obtained, which 
were kept in gardens as ornamental shrubs. Some of these were 
afterwards distributed to the plantations to be cultivated for com- 
mercial purposes. From them sprung the coffee-plantations of 
Brazil. Until about twenty years ago these plantations were free 
from all noticed pests. About that time, owing to the general 
exhaustion of the coffee-trees through long bearing, the Govern- 
ment imported quantities of new plants from the Antilles and 
from the isle of Bourbon, and distributed them all over the coun- 
try. It was noticed during the very next year that the leaves of 
the coffee-tree were attacked by the larva of the moth, whose history 
is given here, which has ravaged the coffee-plantations of Brazil 
ever since. It cannot be doubted that the insects were brought 
from the Antilles with the plants, and that a proper examination 
of the plants at that time, by any person familiar with the appear- 
ance and habits of the enemies of the coffee-tree, would have 
prevented the introduction of so great a pest.* 
Remedies.—The entomologist, like the physician, finds it much 
S's penne 
* Bibliography. 1. Guérin-Méneville et Perrottet. Mémoire sur un Inse 
Champignon qui ravagent les Caféiers aux Ant illes. Paris. Rainer de denis, 
t 
b 
e Revue Zoologique. 1842. p. 126-127. Contains a notice of “No. i 
3. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France. 1842. T, XI, Bulletin, p. 11. 
f No.1. 
aa i Matomologioa.. 18 1848. T. III, p. 250, 972-273; T. II, tab. II, fig. 
tig Establishes the genus Cem 
5. Sta Wve Naira History opti Tineina. 1855. Vol. I, p- 284-334, tab. 1. Con- 
a Siva Si deans ations 0 n the genus Cemiostoma,” and the history of C. sparti- 
2, 
gi the West Indie es. >» 
Midis Revista Agricola do Imperial. pan Fluminense de ie nearer 
“9 p.29 et seq. Brief notice of the Coffee- tainin ecount of the 
q 
habits of an insect called “ noctuella,” which ea be the C.c fee vellum 
(The asterisks before the titles of the args works indicate that I have taken the 
titles and references directly from the works cited). 
