624 ; GRAPE VINES. 
Only in this manner can we account for the galls abounding so 
much more on some varieties than on others. ; 
Some persons may wonder how a minute insect with such deli- 
cate wings, braced with so few simple veins, as those possessed by 
our Phylloxera can manage to fly through the air to any, great 
distance; and those who have not witnessed them in flight are — 
very apt to underrate their powers of volitation. There is a. 
conical gall very common on the upper surface of the leaves of 
our Shell-bark hickories. This gal is made by a louse very 
closely allied to our Grape-leaf gall-louse and was named Phyl- 
loxera caryæfoliœ by Dr. Fitch.* This louse occurs abundantly in 
the winged form, and furnishes an excellent illustration of the 
power of the insects of this genus to fly. Let any one watch 
these winged gall-lice, as they issue, during some warm day in 
June, from the fimbriated mouth of their gall, and he will be 
struck with astonishment at the facility and power with which 
they fly off. They are no sooner out of the gall than the wings 
begin to vibrate so as to become invisible, and the insect suddenly 
darts away with wonderful force. They must likewise often be 
carried great distances by the wind. : 
Again, it would at first sight seem almost impossible for the 
female to deposit her loose eggs which have no viscous property, 
upon a swaying leaf, but this very feat is accomplished by another 
little louse of the same genus, which may be found depositing its 
eggs all through the summer months, on the under side of 
leaves of our young Post oaks. 
PROBABLE Reason WHY ITS INJURIES ARE GREATER 
THAN WITH Us.— It is a well recognized fact among 
observers, that in the natural state there is a greater harmony 
between the fauna and flora of a country than in the more arti- 
ficial state that civilized man induces by cultivation. Through & 
long series of ages, the species least able to contend in the struggle 
for life ‘* go to the wall,” until at last by a process of amen 
‘the balance is struck and we find the animal and plant a 
O iiaia oiae e 
* Rep. III. § 166. 
t This is a species of Phyllozera, which is yet undescribed put which M. J. 
proposes to call Ph. Rileyi. It infests the leaves of our Post oak very 
same manner as the European Ph. quercus infests their oaks — call 
kled apy f the upper side of the leaves. It 
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