626 GRAPE DISEASE. 
also to be found in the galls. They may always be distinguished 
from the true lice by their white, or dirty-white, color. 
Practica, SuGcrstions.—Last year, from the knowledge we 
then had of this insect in this country I recommended the destruc- 
tion of the Clinton vine, where other and better varietigs suc- 
ceeded as well. This advice was given in order to get rid of the 
galls, and wherever it has been followed it has had the desired effect. 
It was given, however, under the impression that the lice would 
not attack the roots except where the leaves were covered with 
galls ; whereas, in truth, the roots would appear to be less affected 
(at least during the growing season) where the leaf-galls are 
abundant than where they are scarce; while they may be abso- 
lutely ruined where no signs of galls exist. | Consequently there 
is no longer any urgent need of, or good reasons for, destroying 
our Clinton vines. By doing so we may diminish the number of 
galls, but we can never exterminate the root-lice. Future exper- 
iments will no doubt show that good results will attend the graft 
ing of such varieties as are known to be most seriously affected, 
on to the roots of less susceptible varieties. 
The insect should be especially watched, as it is apt to be moat 
troublesome, on poor, gravelly or clayey soils. In deep, rich soils 
think there is less danger. In France it has been found to be 
less troublesome on sandy soils, and in my studies I have always 
noticed that minute, soft-bodied insects do poorly in sand.* The 7 
greater the growth of vine the greater the growth of root, and 
consequently vines that are trained on walls and which thus me 
nearly approach the wild state, or which are rendered vigorous 
by a rich soil, are least susceptible to the disease. ' 
_ Remepies.— Destruction of the Gall-Lice.— From what we have 2 
seen, we may justly infer that this insect cannot of itself spread 
from one vineyard to another without going through ` T i 
n . 
into a 
invariably the first signs of its advent, by natural a aa 
vineyard not previously attacked. By natural means, : 
: : : iy ' introd 
without the aid of man’s assistance, by which they age 
from one place to another on the roots. If these galls, = 
s ; inois, where 5%. 
* In examining the vine roots this fall in some parts of Northern pe e 
formed a prominent portion of the soil, I found very few root-lice} neral h A 
vines whose leaves had been covered with galls. Even on thes f , and 
ness of the roots indicated that they had not been infested 3 
that tha tt ici a fe the last calls of the n 
