SE) Pag te a at a E ere ee! = 
ha ae ee on cee Se em Pe OR Page an sp 
eS Oe Sere: ig ee ae, Een) bn LAS nae 
GRAPE DISEASE. 629 
type, being less conspicuous, was unknown in this country till 
last year. 
Such an insect is very readily transported from one country to 
another on grape roots, seedlings, etc., and just as our Apple, 
root-louse (Eriosoma lanigera Hausm.) was imported into Europe 
towards the close of the last century. so we find that our Grape- 
louse was similarly imported, in all probability within the last 
decade. The mode of transport will become all the more intel- 
ligible when I state that M. Signoret showed me, last July, the yet 
living progeny of some lice which he had placed in a tightly- 
corked glass tube the year before; and that he had managed to 
keep a few alive for study through the siege of Paris up to the 
time mentioned. 
Nothing would be more natural than its introduction at Bor- 
deaux, where M. Laliman has, for a number of years, been assidu- 
ous in the cultivation and trial of our different American vines. 
Or it might have been introduced at the nurseries of the Audebert 
Bros., near Tarascon,* where all sorts of American plants have 
been cultivated ; and, if I mistake-not, M. Planchon with commend- 
able zeal, has so thoroughly sifted the history of the subject in 
France that he can trace the first invasion, with tolerable certainty, 
to a point near this place, Tarascon. It doubtless existed in 
France a few years before its injuries attracted attention, and the 
first notice of its work was made in the vineyard of M. de Penar- 
van, at Ville-neuve-les-Avignon, in 1863. The scourge soon 
increased and spread, and in 1868 and 1869 acquired such dimen- 
sions as thoroughly to alarm the great grape-growing districts of 
beautiful France. At first all sorts of hypotheses were put forth 
as to its cause. Some book-worms even thought they had found 
in this root-louse the Phtheir of the ancient Greeks, but the intel- 
ligent labors of M. Planchon dispelled all such illusions, and 
and proved that the Phtheir of the ancients was a true bark-louse 
(Dactylopius longispinus Targ.) of a totally different nature and 
still existing in the Crimea.+ 
shows that this nursery has not 
reclude the possibility of the 
ate, if the spread of 
e, without attracting 
aea a 
_ *M. Laliman, in the essay already mentioned (p. 63), 
existed for nearly fifteen years; but this fact does not p 
„lonse having been first introduced there. d only indic 
the disea be traced from that point, that it existed in Franc 
attention, at an earlier epoch than is generally supposed 
_tSee an Essay entitled La Phthiriose on Pédiculaire 
Bulletin de la Soc. des Agr. de France, July, 1870. 
de la Vigne chez les Anciens. 
