THE VEGETATION OF THE LOWER WABASH VALLEY. 729 
flowers accompanied the grape-vines in their riot among the 
= branches, or with the luxuriant poison vines (Rhus radicans) 
_ adorned the trunks ; it was growing to a remarkably large size, a 
trunk of this species which we measured being 41 inches in cir- 
= cumference at several feet from the root. The splendid Wistaria 
= frutescens climbed up the trees and draped their branches; the 
graceful cross vine (Bignonia capreolata) crept perpendicu- 
3 larly up the larger trunks, its dark green, lanceolate leaves, 
= arranged symmetrically in right angles with the stem, and its 
clusters of trumpet-shaped carmine and yellow flowers, or long 
_ pendent pods, the flowers being then nearly all gone, rendering 
this fine creeper an object of striking beauty. The old decaying 
__ trunks, on every hand, were encased in a thick matted covering of 
the Virginia creeper (Ampelopsis quinquefolia), and appeared like 
huge columns draped in green. Smaller woody vines, as the 
Cocculus Carélinus, moonseed (Menispermum Canadense), wax- 
work (Celastrus scandens), green briers (Smilax rotundifolia, S. 
glauca, 8. tamnoides, S. Walteri! S. lanceolata! and perhaps one 
: or two other species), pipe vines (Aristolochia) and many others 
_ Screened the shrubbery or festooned the underwood, while a great 
variety of herbaceous vines, far too numerous to name in full, 
trailed over the undergrowth or ran up the shrubbery. Chief 
among these were the virgin’s bowers (Clematis Pitcheri, C. viorna 
and ©. Virginiana), the yellow passion flower (Passiflora lutea), 
wild cypress vine (Quamoclit coccinea), wild blue morning glory 
(Ipomæa nil), Rutland beauty (Calystegia sepium and C. spith- 
amea) balsam apple (Echinocystis lobata), wild hop (Humulus 
lupulus), wild yam (Dioscorea villosa) and carrion flower (Smilax 
herbacea). Besides these were the several species of dodder (Cus- 
Cuta) which spread a carpet of orange-colored yarn, as it were, 
Over the herbage, and numerous species of delicate Leguminose, 
with handsome pea-like flowers, nestled meekly beneath the ranker 
herbage, or accompanied the other vines in their spiral ascent. 
Very often the smaller vines twined around the larger; and in one 
mstance we noticed five species thus ascending one tree. They 
Were Rhus radicans, Tecoma radicans, Smilax rotundifolia, Celas- 
_ trus scandens and Menispermum Canadense. 
In this neighborhood we found no cypress swamps and did not 
; hear that any occurred there. But about twenty or thirty miles to 
the northward, just across the mouth of White River and on the 
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