94 THE HAWKESBURY SANDSTONE, 
F.R.S., formerly Director of the Geological Survey of Victoria, 
and at at present the Director of the Canadian Survey, whose long — 
experience in geological surveying should entitle him to be con — 
sidered one of the highest authorities upon the structure of rocks, 
g of the Mesozoic Carbonaceous formation in Victoria, — 
says, “The character of the strata generally indicates that they 
have been formed in shallow water, under the influence of _ 
and constantly-varying currents, giving rise to much di 
wedge-shaped stratification or ‘ false-beddin ng.” The ost a 
referred to, which I have examined and surveyed in the Cape 
: 
: 
: 
Otway, Geelong, and Gippsland districts, consists not only of sand 
stone and shales, but of beds of coarse pebble conglomerates. Mr 
— also mentions that much “ false-bedding” is observablem — 
he sandstones of the older Grampian series. J Jukes says, “That 
tfsioe bedding? is a proof of frequent change in the direction and — 
velocity of the currents which brought the sand and gravel int) — 
the water. * * Such eae generally indi . 
— and are often seen in cutting through an old moe 
on bags 
the tidal currents, have often the layers obliquely l 
Where there are strong flows of the tides between islands a a 
mainland, or among groups of islands, the material may “ 
part pebbly, and oblique lamination may be a feature of the ® 
Actual instances might also be quoted from Lyell, Rutley,and¢ 
writers, of the occurrence of false -bedding in -water 
marine deposits, as well as in blown sand- beds. Ne 
to the angle at which sand slips, and rests in air and in watel 
have made numerous observations. The highest angl 
found upon the slopes of blown sandhills is "36°, At Ca 
in Victoria, there are splendid examples advan , 
Some of them are about 50 feet high, and they area 
inland at the rate of about 1 foot a year, covering Up St” 
their course. The highest angle that I exis observed. by | 
‘This is an } 
