58 The West American Sciewtii 



Madras being considered by Rome the large*! and host variety. The 

 Amalfi, Serrento and Calabria varieties are being tested in California. but 

 these citrons of commerce are imperfectly described and little known. 

 Essential oil and citric acid can be obtained from this fruit, i r r ea pec ti i 

 the ordinary culinary use. A large variety, with thick rind, furnishes 

 (candied) the citrionate or succade. The cedra oil comes from a particular 

 variety. 



C. decumana Linne. Known as the Shaddock, Pomelo. Grape Fruit, 

 and by various other names in different localities. It was introduced from 

 China to the West Indies by Capt. Shaddock, hence one of its common 

 names. There are several varieties, all with lartre fruits, the 1 

 which, in some varieties, neigh from ten to twenty pounds each. 



The Pomelo or Grape Fruit hears large fruit from two to five pounds 

 each in weight, pale yellow, resembling the citron. Skin smooth, 

 juice subacid. A variety of Shaddock. 

 The common variety of Shaddock is a dwarfish ornamental tree, 

 hearing very large fruit, weighing six or eight pounds each, with 

 smooth skin, pale yellow and very gloesy. Rind thick, spongy, 

 and very bitter. The fruit makes a magnificent appearance in a 

 collection of tropical fruits, resembling a mon trous orange, but 

 is more showy than useful, as the pulp is comparatively tasteless. 

 Popamus or Pumalo of India. Fruit four pounds apiece when well 

 developed. "The grand thin-skinned and red-fleshed varieties 

 that are cultivated near Bombay are very delicious and whole- 

 some if eaten in the morning with salt or sugar." — G. Marshall 

 Wood row. 

 C. dei.iciosa — see C. nobilis (by some considered a synonym of 

 madurensis instead). 



C. dulcis Volkamer. The oils of Neroli and Bergamot are ezprani 

 or distilled from orange blossoms. The fragrance of orange blossoms is 

 very agreeable, and is thus utilized by perfumers. In the poetic lau_' 

 of flowers the orange blossom is the emblem of chastity, and is the recog- 

 nized bridal flower among English speaking people. C. dulcis is the sweet 

 orange, of which so many kinds occur, those described under C. aurantinm 

 belonging here. The St. Michael is taken as a type of the species. 



St. Michael. The " paper rind," is a small, round orange, very firm 

 and juicy, and with very thin pale-colored skin. Ripens late, 

 keeps well on the tree, and does not drop when mature. This 

 orange is from the Azores. The tree is dwarf, and a prolific 

 bearer. The Azorean St. Michael is a 1 irger tree, a rapid grower 

 and very prolific also. The fruit ripens early, keeps well on the 

 tree; few seeded, larger than the "paper rind" St. Michael, 

 solid, flattened in shape. The pulp is fine and melting and the 

 rind medium thin. 



C. japonica Thunberg. A shrubby Japanese species, better known 

 under the following name : 



