222 TRANSACTIONS LIVERPOOL BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



summer no young fish were, with a few exceptions, 

 observed by me under the jelly-fish. Hauls of very great 

 duration had to be made to prove their presence even in 

 scanty numbers. In late summer their number seemed 

 to increase under the jelly-fish, and in autumn the young 

 of the whiting were for the first time to be seen in great 

 numbers under the jelly-fish. 



The investigations with seines, undertaken by Mr. 

 Dannevig and me in common, as well as by me alone, 

 also shewed a marked difference in the number of littoral 

 fry obtainable in the two years. In 1904 I ascertained 

 that the young cod 3-4 cm. long, as early as in the last 

 days of May, occurred in the Zostera along the shores of 

 the Sondeledfiord, the coast outside and in the Sandnes- 

 fiord. Their numbers constantly increased and they 

 were to be found everywhere along the coast, even in the 

 Christianiafiord, in great numbers. 



In 1905 things were quite different. The facts are 

 clearly shown by the following diagram (fig. 6), giving 

 the average number of cod fry obtained per haul in the 

 different fiords examined in July- August in the two years. 



It is easily seen that the summer 1904 everywhere 

 is characterised by a relative abundance of fry. The 

 greatest abundance occurred in the open fiords Sandnes- 

 fiord and Stolefiord, which both have a lively circulation 

 of water. Even in the Kristianiafiord, which by previous 

 investigations (1898-99) was found to have a very poor 

 stock of fry during summer was now relatively rich. 



The summer of 1905 was characterised by great 

 poverty.* In the Kristianiafiord the poverty was, for 

 example, just as prominent as Hjort found by his investi- 

 gations in 1898 and 1899. The Hellefiord, where 10 



* The temperatures and salinities were in both years practically the 

 same in the fiords investigated. 



