21 



merged at high tide. Ait the turn of the tide and when the 

 platforms are exposed, other parties take their turn at the 

 lanes, using those with entrances opening inwards. These 

 fish ponds, known as Umeiki, are sometimes owned by the 

 proprietors of two adjoining lands, the people of one owning the 

 right to fish during the rise of the tide known as the Kai-Ki, 

 and the other during the ebb, Kai-Emi. Long nets are also 

 used in these ponds, but only during the condition of the tide 

 belonging to each. 



The large salt or brackish water ponds, entirely enclosed, 

 have one, two or four gates cailed Makaha. These are of 

 straight sticks tied on to two or three cross beams, the sticks in 

 the upright standing as closely as possible, so that no fish half 

 an inch in thickness can p.iss them, while the water and young 

 fry can pass freely in and out. Scoop nets the width of the 

 gates are used at these places at the flow of the tide to scoop up 

 such fish as may be desired by the owner or pond keeper for 

 family use. When any large quantity is wanted, the long net, 

 generally known as Upena-Kuu, is used, the same as in 

 shallow sea fishing. 



Fresh water ponds are very seldom over half an acre in ex- 

 tent and are for Oopu and 0|>ae preserves, and sometimes for 

 Awa a kind of tropical salmon that breeds in brackish water 

 and will live and grow fat in perfectly fresh water. The young 

 iry of this fish is procured in shallow waters on the beach 

 where a stream or spring of fresh water mingles with the sea, 

 and is carried sometimes many miles inland in large gourds 

 with water. 



The Catfish has been introduced within four years and is 

 doing well. Carp have also been introduced very recently, 

 but it is yet too early to pronounce on the success or otherwise 

 of the experiment 



