10 



ean be used all day. The shell is barbed on the inner side 

 with bone and two tufts of hog's bristles are attached at the 

 barbed end at right angles to it. The bristles are to keep the 

 inner side up so the shell will lie flat on the surface of the sea. 



For deep sea fishing the hook and line are used without 

 rods, and our fishermen sometimes use lines over a hundred 

 fathoms in length. Every rocky protuberance from the bot- 

 tom of the sea for miles out, in the waters surrounding the 

 islands, was well known to the ancient fishermen, and so were 

 the different kinds of rock fish likely to be met with on each 

 separate rock. The ordinary habitat of every known species 

 of Hawaiian fishes was also well known to them. They often 

 went fishing so far out from land as to be entirely out of sight 

 of the low lands and mountain slopes and took their bearing 

 for the purpose of ascertaining the rock which was the habitat 

 of the particular fish they were after, from the positions of 

 the different mountain peaks. 



The natives distinguish the sharks seen in Hawaiian waters 

 into five species: The mano-kihikihi (hammer-headed shark) 

 and the Ldakea (white fin) are considered edible, as the 

 natives insist that these never eat human beings. Then comes 

 the mano kanaka (man shark), the shark god of the ancient 

 Hawaiians; supposed to be entered and possessed by the spirits 

 or souls of the descendants of the first shark god, who could 

 take human form at will and left a numerous human progeny. 

 Tins was the kind of shark that was formerly fed on awa 

 (piper methysticum.) and bananas, and who only bit or ate 

 people when they were in the wrong. Then comes the mano 

 a large white shark, the largest of all known to Hawaiians, 

 but not a particularly ravenous one. It is very rarely seen. 

 The niuhi completes the list; a very large shark, and the 

 fiercest of all. Fortunately, it very rarely makes its appear- 

 ance in Hawaiian waters. In the night the niuhi can be seen 

 a long way off by the bright greenish light of its eyeballs. 

 These sharks will attack the largest of double canoes, and the 

 fisherman's only safety is in precipitate flight at the first ap- 

 pearance of his greenish light. 



