wrapping it up in cocoanut fibre, ties it with a pebble on the 

 line and close to the hooks; the bruised matter spreads through 

 the water when the line is dropped, and serves to attract fishes 

 to the vicinity of the hooks. This bruised matter is called 

 palu. 



For hook and line fishing which is generally practised in 

 deep water, kawakawa and aku (bonito) and ula (lobster) are 

 the usual bait; for lack of these any kind of fish is used with 

 varying results. The bonito were formerly caught with 

 muhee for bait, a kind of squid found floating on the surface 

 of the sea in great quantities. A mother-of-pearl hook is also 

 used in place of bait. Small mullets and iiao ( a small fish 

 that comes in immense schools) are now the favorite bait, and 

 must always be used in connection with the mother-of-pearl 

 hooks. These fishes are taken out alive in large gourds or 

 tubs to the fishing grounds, which are any places where 

 bonitos are seen, usually three to ten miles out on the open 

 sea, and are thrown over board, a handful at a time, they 

 will immediately make for the shadow cast by the canoe as 

 affording comparative shelter, the bonitos then give chase 

 to them and are thus attracted in great numbers around the 

 canoes, which, for this kind of fishing are generally double 

 ones. The mother-of-pearl hooks are then thrown in the 

 water without being baited and are mistaken for fish by the 

 bonito, being on account of their shimmer and glisten like the 

 iiao. The mother-of-pearl hooks are called pa, and are of two 

 kinds, the pa-hau (snowy pa) and the pa-anuenue (rainbow pa). 

 The pa-hau is used in the morning till the sun is high, as the 

 sun's rays striking it obliquely makes it glisten with a white 

 pearly light which looks like the shimmer from the scales of 

 the smaller kinds of fish on which the bonito lives, but at 

 midday when the sun's rays fall perpendicularly on it, it ap- 

 pears transparent and is not taken by the fish. The pa-anue- 

 nue is then used. This has the rainbow refractions, and the 

 perpendicular rays of the sun make it shimmer and glisten 

 like a living thing. Sometimes shells are found uniting the 

 two characters, and such are always highly prized, as they 



