98 TRANSACTIONS LIVERPOOL BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



Fig. 11, page 97, represents the general appearance 

 of the scolex in two specimens. There are four leaf -like 

 bothridia, pointed at their anterior extremities, and broad 

 posteriorly. Their lateral margins are rolled over, and 

 usually anterior and posterior extremities are likewise 

 rolled over, but in the opposite direction. This distortion of 

 the bothrium renders it difficult to study the divisions on its 

 external surface. But neither in stained nor in unstained 

 preparations, nor in transverse sections can a longitudinal 

 costa be seen. There are apparently 7 or 8 lcculi on the 

 face of the sucker along each side, one loculus being 

 situated terminally at either end. The costa apparently 

 cross from side to side, but it is difficult to follow their 

 course owing to the flexure of the bothrium. Seen as in 

 fig. 11 A, there appear to be lateral rows of distinct loculi, 

 but this appearance is due to the optical sections of the 

 transverse costae. Tig. 11 B, represents another scolex on 

 a smaller scale and one of the bothridia is seen very nearly 

 en face and there is no indication of a longitudinal costa. 

 The latter figure also shows how the bothridia are situated 

 on distinct pedicels. The latter are strongly muscular, 

 containing both transverse and longitudinal fibres in their 

 walls. Tig. 11 A also shows that the segmentation of the 

 strobila is continued up to the base of the pedicels, that is, 

 a distinct neck — far less such a long neck as is represented 

 in van Beneden's original figure- is wanting. 



The proglottides are not figured. They agree in all 

 respects with both van Beneden's and Zschokke's figures, 

 except for the detail of the armature of the cirrus. There 

 is no doubt that only one kind of spines is present. The 

 cirrus was fully extended in one proglottis and most of its 

 surface was covered with short, slightly curved spines. 

 No long spines were present at the base. 



The absence of a longitudinal costa indicates that the 



