. 
loo EXPLORATION OF THE GULF OF MAINE. 
The temperature here was between 46° aha 49° in about twenty- 
five fathoms, a difference of about ten degrees from that of the 
bottom on each side of this ‘submarine elevation: Both here and 
afterward we used two dredges, one being, thrown over from the 
bows, the other cast from the stern of the’vessel, while the tangle 
was put over from her side. On. the 27th we began to run a line 
of dredgings and soundings from Cape Ann to Cape Cod, crossing 
the middle of Stellwagen’s Bank. Dredging in depths between 
fifty and sixty fathoms in soft blue mud northwest of Stellwagen’s 
Bank, in the deepest portions of Massachusetts Bay, the fauna 
was found to closely resemble similar -localities on each side of 
Jeffrey’s Ledge, the assemblage not more southern in character, 
while the temperature of the bottom water ranged between 413° 
and 45° (two thermometers ‘being used as before). In one haul 
of the tangle ninety-five Clenodiscus erispatus, the common pen- 
tagzonal starfish of muddy bottoms, were brought up, with sev- 
_ eral very large Asterias vulgaris, and several young Solaster endeca 
and papposa. Also a gigantic Corymorpha, a hydroid polype six — 
inches in height and fully half an inch in diameter near the base. 
It seemed to be-a large specimen of C. pendula, which we after- — 
wards dredged abundantly on the bank. We found on Stelwa- 
gen’s Bank, in twenty-two to thirty fathoms coarse sand (temper? 
atare 481° and Sat an- abundance of Mactra ovalis (Fig, 49) 
= 
