fi; s : f 
: re ANTHROPOLOGY. 245 
y _ until the post-tertiary. When the fissure eruptions had finally 
ceased, the work was taken up by volcanoes, a few of which are 
E” still active. The paper is one of much interest. 
ANTHROPOLOGY. 
THE MANUFACTURE or POTTERY BY THE Ixprans. — Among 
the Indians, the-women are the makers of pottery, themen look- 
ing upon it as degrading to do “squaw work.” Figs: 69 and 70. 
Two impleménts only are used in its construc- 
tion ; one is a wooden paddle (fig. 69), the other 
a flattened round stone (fig. 70). The figures 
$ here given are very much reduced in size. These 
implements are made by the women with much 
tial household articles. In earlier times when 
they had nothing but stone tools with which to 
shape them the labor must have been immense. 
After the clay has been properly mixed with 
water, and kneaded with the hands and the 
wooden paddle until it is of a.proper consistency, 
a portion is taken and placed over the flat part 
of the stone and made smooth and even by rapid \ 
pats «with the paddle. ~The clay is then placed 
oh a smooth spot on the ground with the stone. 
above it and the bottom of the utensil is thus formed. A 
Piece of clay is now taken in the hands and rolled out to the 
proper length; it is then placed around the stone in connection 
_ With the other piece and the stone is moved about on the inside 
_ While with hand and paddle-on the outside the roll of clay is flat- 
tened out and firmly united with the first piece. More, is then _ 
added in the same manner and so on until the desired size is at- 
tained. The hands are often dipped in water during the operation 
order to keep the clay moist; and the stone and hand are used 
to smooth the inside. The necessary height being attained, the 
is formed by pressing the top layer of the soft clay over the _ 
id edge of the stone, the fingers pressing the clay over while 
le stone is moved round the vessel. If feet or handles are to be 
applied, they are shaped by the fingers and stuck on; the hand is 
W ely used to smooth over the newly made vessel. The pot 
A 
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