— 246 es ANTHROPOLOGY. 
is then placed in the sun and constantly turned so as to expose it 
evenly to the heat. When cracks appear, the fingers are dipped 
into thick mud and -applied to them, which. process is continued — 
until all the cracks are filled after which the vessel is ready to _ 
burn. For this purpose fuel is selected which produces a gentle — 
heat, the excrements of animals being preferred. All the Pueblo 
Indians of New Mexico and the Moquies of Arizona own many 
` sheep and goats which for safety are put into pens at night, con- = 
sequently a great thickness of excrement is soon accumulated. 
This is cut into pieces and dried in the sun for fuel in their | 
” dwellings and for burning pottery. For the latter purpose 4 7 
quantity is set on fire and as soon as sufficiently burnt, some is 
put inside the vessel while the rest is piled round the sides and 
the vessel is left in this burning mass to bake, which is done very 
_evenly. If the vessel is to be glazed it is done, after being re- 
moved from the fire but while very hot, by rubbing over it v ; 
strong salt water and again exposing it to the heat. ; 
The ornamentation is done before burning and immedi 
after the vessel ceases to crack by exposure to the sun. This 
generally consists of simple, parallel lines and indentations (the 
fingers and a stick being the only instruments used to form the 
required devices). If the vessel is to be colored it is done by 
solving clay of the desired color in water; a brush is formed 
chewing the end of a stick, which is then dipped into the colo 
matter and applied to form the ornamentation, both lines 
figures being made. The vessel is now allowed to dry thor 
after which it is burned in the same manner as plain pote 
_ Sometimes vessels are uniformly colored inside and out; © 
only the outside is colored, with no other ornamentation. — 
pes generally used are orange, red, black, slate, white, bı 
and yellow. 
The quality of the clay determines the kind of vi that i 
e made. For a cooking utensil coarse clay is used, often ™ 
with very fine gravel; this quality stands heat better than 
finer clay which is used in making the choicer grades p 
The mode of manufacturing pottery here described is 
the Indians of Arizona, New Mexico, California and Utah 
present day, and when these Indians find a profitable ! 
their wares TE make articles not to be o despised by ua 
friends. 
