REVIEWS AND BOOK NOTICES. 551 
is given as follows :—I. Falco (Hierofalco) gyrfalco Linn., var. 
candicans Gm. (= Groenlandicus Daud.) of Greenland, wandering 
into Europe and North America; II. var. Islandicus Sabine, of 
Europe, Iceland, Greenland and North America; III. var. sacer, 
Forster, of interior of continental Arctic America; IV. var. Lab- 
radora Aud. 
On page 254, a figure of the curious Onychotes Gruberi Ridgw. 
is given. Buteo oxypterus is united to Swainsoni, and B. elegans 
to lineatus. The American rough-legged hawks (excepting the 
western Archibuteo ferrugineus) are given as one species, and that 
a variety (Sancti-johannis) of the European A. lagopus; the me- 
lanistic condition being now correctly regarded as a. frequent 
though purely individual peculiarity, like albinism. Halictus al- 
bicilla of Europe is included on account of its occurrence in 
Greenland. On page 329 it is stated that ‘‘the ‘bird of Wash- 
ington’ of Audubon was, without the least doubt, a very large 
immature female (of the bald eagle) in about the second year.” 
It is to be hoped that this question is now finally settled. 
The true Meleagris gallopavo is described as inhabiting the 
eastern province of North America, with var. Mexicana found 
from Texas and Arizona south into Mexico. The latter race is 
now considered to be the origin of the domesticated turkey. 
anace Franklini is united to Canadensis as a variety ; C. fuli- 
ginosus and Richardsoni to obscurus; and Bonasa umbelloides and 
Sabini to umbellus. Three species of Ptarmigan are enumerated : 
—I. Lagopus mutus var. rupestris of Arctic America, Greenland 
and Iceland ; II. L. albus, common to Europe and North America ; 
Ill. L. leucurus of Northwest America. Audubon’s L. Ameri- 
canus is united to the first species. 
In the Appendix are given a number of new facts in regard to 
the habits, distribution, and synonymy of species previously con- 
sidered, and one or two new species are added, as Harporhynchus 
direi Coues, Setophaga picta, Peucæa carpalis Coues, etc. It 
may here be remarked that while certain species are noted as hav- 
ing been obtained in Europe, as Galeoscoptes Carolinensis, Den- 
droica virens, Progne subi, Loxia leucoptera, Sturnella magna, etc., 
Similar mention is made of others whose claims to such notice are 
equally good, as Turdus migratorius, Coceygus Americanus, Har- 
porhynchys rufus, Regulus calendula, and a few others. <A glos- 
Sary of technical terms closes the volume. 
