580 AUDITORY APPARATUS OF THE MOSQUITO. 
their uses, affects a physicist with feelings analogous to those expe 
rienced by one who peruses a well classified catalogue descriptive 
of physical instruments, while of the uses of these instruments le 
is utterly ignorant. 
The following views, taken from the ‘¢ Anatomy of the Inverte 
brata, by C. Th. v. Siebold,” will show how various are the opinions 
of naturalists as to the location and form of the organs of hearing 
in the Insecta. ‘There is the same uncertainty concerning the 
organs of audition (as concerning the olfactory organs). Exper- 
ence having long shown that most insects perceive sounds, this 
sense has been located sometimes in this and sometimes in that 
organ. But in their opinion, it often seems to have been forgotten, 
or unthought of, that there can be no auditory organ without hy 
special auditory nerve, which connects directly with an acoustic 
apparatus capable of receiving, conducting and concentrating the 
sonorous undulations. (The author who has erred most widely 12 
this respect is L. W. Clarke, in Mag. Nat. Hist., Sept., 1838, m 
has described at the base of the antenne of Carabus nemor 
Illig. an auditive apparatus composed of an Auricula, & n 
auditorius externus and internus, a Tympanum and Labyrinthus, 
of all of which there is not the least trace. The two white a 
spots at the base of the antennæ of Blatta orientalis, and ps 
z : 3 el 
Treviranus has described as auditory organs, are, 48 B yh ort 
auditory organs. But this view is inadmissible, 
already stated, except in the sense that the antenn®, li ah 
bodies, may conduct sonorous vibrations of the air; but, ot at 
admitting this view, where is the auditory nerve? for it is D ss 
all supposable that the antennal nerve can serve at the same 
the function of two distinct senses.) 
‘*Certain Orthoptera are the only 
been discovered, in these later times, a single orga 
conditions essential to an auditory apparatus. This gan bye 
sists, with the Acrididæ, of two fossæ or conchs, pie a met- 
projecting horny ring, and at the base of which is attac i 
brane resembling a tympanum. On the internal oe an eS 
membrane are two horny processes, to which is attach a 
tremely delicate vesicle filled with a transparent fuid nnecti 
senting a membranous labyrinth. This vesicle is 1B o: 
Insecta with which there has 
n having 
