04 TRANSACTIONS LIVERPOOL BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



What is locally known as the Fluke and Codling 

 fishery begins in June, and is carried on with " small long 

 lines." Tliese are 450 fathoms long, tlie distance between 

 the liooks being 1^ fathoms. About four of such lines are 

 in use until September, when the number is increased to 

 ten. The lines, baited with worms (Nereis and Ncphihys 

 are the most effective), limpets, hermit crabs and whelks, 

 are shot in the bay and close in -shore along the neighbour- 

 ing coast, and in addition to plaice and cod, there are also 

 caught wrasse, haddock and gurnard. 



The Pollack-Whiting, or "Callagh," fishery -is carried 

 on from January to October. " Swim " lines, about 

 20 fathoms long- and carrying- one hook are used, the bait 



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being worms (Nereis and Ne/phtliys), skin of butter-fish, 

 and patent bait. The lines are " trawled " from a boat 

 rowed slowly a few yards from the rocky coast. The Coal 

 Fish, or "Blochan," is caught in the same way. 



The Conger, Ling and Skate fishery is carried on 

 principally in July, August and September. The lines 

 used are the same as for cod, but the bait used is herring 

 and mackerel. This fishery is conducted from one to four 

 miles from the land. 



Ground or Bottom fishing is largely pursued during 

 (he summer months, chiefly for the amusement of holiday 

 visitors. Weighted hand-lines, carrying one or two hooks 

 baited with herring, mackerel and crabs, are used, and the 

 fish caught are sea-carp, gurnard, whiting, conger, ling, 

 cod, haddock, skate, ray and dog-fish. 



Mackerel fishing begins in July, and is carried on until 

 September, when the mackerel leaye the eoast. The lines 

 used are about 20 fathoms long, and carry one or two 

 hooks baited with a small strip of the white skin of the 

 mackerel, or should this not be obtainable, a bright patent 

 bait. The flower of the fuchsia has also been used with 



