LOWER CARBONIFEROUS ROCKS OF ESKDALE AND LIDDESDALE. 75 
Observations.—It is only necessary to point out where this species differs 
from C. scorpioides. In the first case its size and proportions are different. 
The snout of the carapace is much longer and narrower. It is im the tail 
spine that the greatest difference is found. Both of the above species differ 
from all others described in the enormously developed abdomen. 
Though the side spines of the C. elongatus were not observed, yet the arti- 
cular surface on the segment to which the telson is attached is much broader 
than there is any apparent need for. It is but natural therefore to infer that 
such spines may have dropped off in the interval between the death and the 
interment of the animals. 
That those of C. scorpioides represent the side spines in the silurian species 
there can be little doubt though they have dwindled down so as to be out of all 
proportion to the central one. We had a shadowing of this, however, in C. 
inequalis, Bar. 
- Fig. 20 is interesting, as it shows the course of the intestinal canal, which 
appears to be a straight cylindrical tube opening on the ventral margin of the 
last segment near the insertion of the telson. Fortunately the creature is fos- 
silised with the canal distended with food. 
A noticeable feature in both species is that the pivots on which the abdo- 
minal segments move are placed nearer the ventral margin in the hinder than 
in the anterior segments, thus allowing of most play in the joints of the former 
(fig. 1a). In both species a row of circular pits is observable on the sides of 
the abdominal segments. These may represent the place of attachment of the 
gill feet with which they were probably provided. 
II. Decapoda macrura, 
Among the specimens are several species which differ in no essential respect 
from the Macrura of the present day. These go to swell the genera Anthra- 
palemon and Paleocrangon, Salter. It should be borne in mind, however, that 
they are not to be considered as being more nearly allied to the genus Pale- 
mon than to any other of our recent Macrura. As well as these there are 
several specimens of one species differing from the above in having their 
thoracic segments free to move on each other, and not covered by the cara- 
pace, which only extends over the cephalic region. These agree generally with 
the American genus Palwocris* of MEEK and WorTHEN, but the species is 
different from their P. typus.t 
Genus Anthrapalemon, Salter (1861), Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. Lond., xvii. 
p. 529. 
* Meek and WortHen, 1865, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Philadelphia, p. 48. 
+ Meex and Worrusy, Ibid., p. 49. 
