LOWER CARBONIFEROUS ROCKS OF ESKDALE AND LIDDESDALE. 83 
Anthrapalemon ornatissimus, nov. spec. (Pl. VIII. fig. 7). All that is known of 
this is obtained from the portions of two carapaces on one slab of grey cement- 
stone from Larriston Burn, near head of Liddesdale. 
Carapace about half an inch long, subovate, and produced anteriorly into a 
long denticulated rostrum. The posterior angles and margin not observed. 
It has a deep cervical groove, and is ornamented by a thickened margin, 
which bears two or three rows of small tubercles. The medial line of the back 
bears a slight ridge, which passes back from the apex of the cervical groove, 
is lost in the carapace before reaching half way to the posterior margin. It 
bears no tubercles, and does not occur in front of the cervical fold, where its 
place is represented by a large pyriform elevation. Another line of ridge on 
each side passes back from the cervical fold and runs almost parallel with the 
marginal one. This supports two or three rows of tubercles. At the cervical 
fold it bifurcates, and one branch crosses the fold, and merges into the margin 
at the anterior angle, the other branch coalesces with the margin behind the 
fold. The area in front of the cervical fold is further divided into several raised 
portions by deep sulci. The whole test is studded with minute bosses which 
are much the smallest on the parts of the carapace that are not ridged. It is 
from this character that it derives its name. 
Observations.—This species resembles A. Macconochii, R. Etheridge, Jun., but 
is distinguished from it in having its test covered with minute bosses. The central 
ridge is not continued back to the posterior margin, does not appear on the area 
in front of the cervical fold, and does not bear large tubercles. The other 
ridges have a double or treble row of tubercles, and the rostrum is much larger 
and denticulated. 
Locality.—Larriston Burn, Upper Liddesdale. 
Horizon.—Cement-stone group, Lower Carboniferous. 
Anthrapalemon formosus, nov. spec. (Pl. VIII. fig. 8). Carapace quadrilateral, 
little narrower in front than behind. Anterior margin concave, and produced 
into a long-toothed rostrum. Posterior margin concave, and posterior angles 
rounded. Lateral margin bulging, and strengthened by a thickened band, which 
is broadest in front. There is a deep cervical groove. On the greater area 
behind this, only two ridges occur, one on each side, close to, and parallel with, 
the lateral margin. These pass from the cervical groove to the posterior margin ; 
they end in front in a couple of spines, which overlook the groove. With the 
exception of these, they are quite plain. On a raised mound in front of the 
cervical groove a line of four or five separate spines passes from the interior 
angle of the fold into the median line of the rostrum. Two sulci divide this 
mound from two similar mounds, one on each side, each of which supports two 
separate spines. Along these latter a single spine is set behind the cervical 
